The Influence Of Working Memory On Double-digit Multiplication Under Different Strategies In Elementary Students

The object of this research is to investigate the influence of strategy on the result of the double-digit multiplication,as well as the influence of each component of working memory on the multi-digit multiplication and its strategy.We use between subject design in the first experiment,three groups of subject use associative property strategy,distributive property strategy,and the free choice between the above two strategies respectively to solve the double-digit multiplication,while we record their reaction time and accuracy.The result shows that the reaction time of the associative property strategy group is significantly lower than the distributive property strategy group and the free choice group,while the reaction time of the associative property strategy group and the free choice group has no significant differences.And the accuracy of the three groups has no significant differences either.Regarding the use frequency of the strategies,subject use more distributive property strategy than associative property strategy,and the selection is influenced by the type of the problem.In the experiment two,we use both the between subject design and the within-subject design.The subjects of the interference group on central executive are asked to use free choice,associative property strategy and distributive property strategy to solve the double-digit multiplication.This procedure is also applied to the interference groups on phonological loop and visuospatial sketch pad.The frequency of strategy selection has no significant differences among three interference groups.The reaction time between the interference groups on central executive and the interference groups on visuospatial sketch pad has significant difference.Specifically,subjects in the interference groups on central executive have a slower reaction time.Moreover,the reaction time between the interference groups on phonological loop and the interference groups on visuospatial sketch pad has significant difference.Specifically,subjects in the interference groups on phonological loop have a slower reaction time.While there is no significant difference on reaction time between the interference groups on central executive and the interference groups on phonological loop.The interference effect of visuospatial sketch pad is lower than the interference effect of phonological loop and central executive under different strategies.