A Comparative Study Of Marx And Marcuse’s Theory Of Human Development

The development of human being is always one of the focuses in academic circles.Under capitalism,Marx explored the one-sidedness and instrumental characteristics of human development,then drew the conclusion of "alienated man",and put "the free and all-round development of man" as the goal of his lifelong struggle.Faced with the trend of universal domination of technological rationality in the developed industrial society,Marcuse regarded the western developed capitalist industrial society as a one-way society without criticism and loss of transcendence,modern people gradually become the "one dimensional man".This article starts with the topic of human development,first of all,I combed the theoretical origin and theoretical connotation of Marx’s theory of all-round development,expounded the influence of German classical philosophy,classical political economy and utopian socialism theory on Marx’s all-round development theory,and it also discusses the basic essentials of Marx’s theory of all-round development and the conditions for the realization of man’s overall development.At the same time,this paper gives a detailed account of Marcuse’s one-way problem of western developed industrial society.Under the rale of technical rationality,the developed industrial society was gradually reduced to a one-way society,it also shows the one-way features of integration of political field,vulgarization of cultural level,functionalization of language mode and affirmation of philosophical function.Secondly,on the basis of Marx’s theory of all-round development of human beings and Marcuse’s one dimension thought,and make a comparative analysis of the theory of human development.On the one hand,on the whole,both theories of human development have similar structural patterns,On the other hand,in the discussion of the specific problems of structural models,there are obvious theoretical differences between them,such as the essence of man,the development of man and the prospect of liberation.Finally,this thesis focuses on the overall development of the Chinese people.In the primary stage of socialism,the contemporary Chinese society,opening to the outside world and socialist market economy,we are facing with many challenges and threats to the overall development of the people.Therefore,under the guidance of Marx’s theory of all-round development,this paper studies the one-way problem of western society,and make a comparative analysis of Marx and Marcuse’s theory of human development,and then explore the path and method of the all-round development of the Chinese people.