The Observation Of The Russian Loan Words' Form And Semantic Evolution In Chinese Language

In the long history of interrelations between China and Russia,two countries had a great effect on each other's political,economic,cultural,military spheres of life.Over a long period of bilateral relationship,the influence of Soviet Union on China grew and reached its peak after the October Revolution.Along with the development of unprecedented close contact between two countries,a large number of Russian loan words of the Soviet Union period entered into Chinese language.The process of spreading of the Russian loan words and their influence on Chinese language can be roughly divided into four historical periods.In order to conduct a thorough research and detailed analysis of Russian loan words,the author compared three dictionaries of different editions and different years of publishing.They are "A dictionary of loan words and hybrid words in Chinese"published by Liu Zheng Tan in 1984;"A dictionary of foreign words in Chinese"published by Cen Qi Xiang in 1990 and the sixth edition of "Modern Chinese Dictionary" published in 2012.All Russian loan words,found in the dictionaries above underwent a thorough statistical observation and deep analysis.Basing on the results of the observation the author came to the following conclusion:there is a decreasing trend in the functioning and usage of Russian loan words in Chinese;the number of phonetic loans is decreasing,meanwhile the number of semantic loans is increasing.The author made an investigation of Russian loanwords' form and semantic evolution in modern Chinese language and found out the following phenomena:a considerable part of Russian loanwords undergone the revaluation of their meaning and semantic change;another part of the loanwords faced semantic expanding and caused polysemy.