A Study On Preemptive And Anti-preemptive Usages Of Person Deixis From Speaker's Perspective

Deixis is one of primary topics in pragmatics,and is comprehended through context.Dexis has nature of the preemptive and anti-preemptive usage,involving the speaker's psychological tendency.The preemptive nature of deixis is that some deixes are preferred than other referring nouns,namely that participants reject other referential nouns and pronouns psychologically;the anti-preemptive usage of deixis is that in some cases,deixes could be substituted by non-deictic expressions.The study of preemptive and anti-preemptive of deixis requires the reference point.Since the speaker is considered as the center role in speech event,the perspective of the speaker affects the usage of deixis.Therefore,based on the speaker's perspective,the analysis of preemptive and anti-preemptive usages of person deixes would make some differences in researching for the pragmatic functions and causes of both usages.The corpus is from the real people show-Dad,where are we going(2013).By analyzing the utterances between adults and children in speaker's(father)perspective of subjectivity in the actual context,the thesis compares and analyzes preemptive and anti-preemptive usages of person deixes.The study finds that the usage frequency of preemptive usage is higher than anti-preemptive usage.Moreover,the study finds that in preemptive usage of person deixis,due to the influences of the speaker's affect and attitude,the speaker makes utterances from the speaker's perspective,expressing the physical or psychological state and emphasizing the speaker's ideas,ability and identity etc.In anti-preemptive usage of person deixis,taking the hearer's cognition into consideration,the speaker would make utterances from the hearer's perspective,such as the anti-preemptive usage of wo substituted by baba,emphasizing the identity and authority of the speaker,aiming to get closer to the hearer psychologically;while because of the physical obstacle in context,to conquer the obstacle and make the referent specific,the speaker anti-preempts pure person deixis ni with nick names and names,attracting the hearer's attention;the preemptive usage of the first plural person deixis wo men is based on the hearer's perspective,emphasizing the common psychological state of both the speaker and the hearer.Besides,social culture,context,speaker's psychological and physical states,the cognition of the speaker,and the semantic nature of deixis and non-deictic expressions influence the usage of person deixis.The study is based on the real context,comparing and analyzing the usages,pragmatic functions and causes of usage of person deixis from speaker's perspective.While due to the subjective analysis,the result may lack enough objectivity and scientificity,which needs to be proved by scientific experiment.