Study On The Modeling And Decoration Of Yixing Zisha Light Pot In Ming And Qing Dynasties

Yixing Zisha started in the Ming Dynasty and prospered in the Qing Dynasty,relying on its unique rich Zisha clay resources and profound humanities,brought a number of extraordinary pot creators,and left a lot of historical masterpieces.It formed a unique style of local characteristics and great representative of China's traditional handicraft.In Ming Dynasty Tianqi years,Zhou Gaoqi wrote"Famous Pot System in Yangxian",which is a prelude of the Zisha research.In the 1970s,the excavation of the ancient purple clay in Yixing Yangshan Mountain marked beginning of the archeology of Zisha in China.Over the course of half a century,attention and research Yixing Zisha increased,Zisha history,technology,cultural,artistic content,and other aspects of the study made important progress.However it is still rare to use archaeological collection of goods and other physical information to study Yixing Zisha from the Ming Qing Dynasty.The first chapter of this paper describes the Yixing Zisha ancient kiln site,Yixing Zisha light pots and other archaeological discoveries from the Ming and Qing Dynasties,as well as the National Palace Museum,Nanjing Museum,Shanghai Museum,Hangzhou Huaxia Zisha Museum and other regional museums in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.The second chapter focuses on studying the type of pot shape,which is divided into round,square and other device shape as three major categories.Round shape can be further divided into spherical pot,hemispherical pot,flat round pot,cylindrical round pot,trapezoidal round pot.Square can be divided into square pot and hexagonal pot.The rest of the device shapes are divided into the monk cap pot,watt pot and hat pot.Also the pot button,pot lid,potholder,pot bottom and the other characteristics are studied in this chapter.The third hapter describes the decorative techniques of Yixing Zisha light pot,mainly fetal mud decoration,decorative decal decoration,carved lacquer decoration,painted gold decoration,enamel color decoration,color glaze decoration,wrapped tin decoration etc.Also analyzed the line decoration,inscriptions and paintings of decorative themes of Zisha.The last chapter focuses on the staged study.The purple sander pots from the Ming Dynasty are divided into three stages,i.e.the budding period(before Ming Zhengde),the development period(Ming Zhengde to late Longqing),maturing period(Ming Wanli to the end of the Ming Dynasty).The purple sander pots from the Qing Dynasty can also be divided into three stages,the booming period(Qing Kangxi to late Qianlong),the transition period(Qing Jiaqing to Guangxu),declining period(end of Qing Dinasty).The innovation of this paper is as follows.(1)Taking the relevant archaeological data and the typical materials as the research object,studying the pot body and other modeling elements of the purple sander using the method of typology.Also summarized and analyzed to clarify the purple light class maker of the times and development context.(2)Dr.Xie Ruihua from the San Francisco Asian Art Museum in US,as the representative of the scholars,categorized the the development of Yixing Zisha history into the budding period(before Ming Wanli),starting period(Ming Wanli to the late Ming Dynasty),the development period(Qing Kangxi to late Qing Qianlong),the prosperous period(Qing Jiaqing to(Qing Guangxu),and the expansion period(the end of the period).This article improved the theory on Ming and Qing dynasties purple sand stages through the archaeological and biographical data research,and listed unique point of view for the modeling and decorative features at each stage.