The Opium Problem Of Wenzhou In The Late Qing Dynasty

Wenzhou is located in the south of Zhejiang,and adjacent to the northern fujian.East of the territory is a large sea and plains,the west is the mountains.Since ancient times,shipping has developed,and it has a very close trade relationship with Ningbo,Shanghai,Minnan,Taiwan and Southeast Asia.Due to natural factors and human geography,Wenzhou has form opium poppy cultivation in large scale since the Jiaqing years.After the Opium War,especially in 1877,when Wenzhou was opened up as a trading port,the scale of opium poppy cultivation and opium trade in Wenzhou was greatly improved.Wenzhou in the late Qing Dynasty is not only a famous opium poppy cultivation,but also the outward expansion of the source,Wenzhou and Taizhou immigrants were extended to the whole Zhejiang poppy cultivation and the eastern regions of South of Jiangsu,Anhui after the movement of the Taiping Heavenly kingdom.The prevalence of opium poppy cultivation and opium ingestion aroused the attention of local officials and scholars in Wenzhou.Before 1880s,local officials from the local social security considerations,there had been a ban and control measures.After 1885,the national opium ban was initiated in 1906,and the principle of banning smoking in Wenzhou local governments was "forbidden"".Anti smoking has become a source of interest for local governments".After 1906,the flexible "on the prohibition" policy was replaced by a tough "contraction and prohibition" policy.The ban on tobacco has damaged the interests of Wenzhou tobacco growers in the past hundred years,and even endangered the subsistence of tobacco growers.Severe anti smoking measures provoked the revolt of the tobacco growers.Mass violence emerges in an endless stream.Smoking is a "one vote veto" political task of local officials.Then they had to rely on local gentry to ban.Since 1905 after the abolition of the imperial examination,link gentry and countries have been released,depending on the local gentry was seriously weakened,on the country's loyalty is There is not much left.On the one hand is a serious political task assigned by the state;on the other hand,is desperate to maintain for material benefit farmers.The official and gentry in both the splint.