The Structural And Semantic Differences Of Existential Sentence In Russian And Chinese And The Cognitive Analysis

Foreign language learners will inevitably be influenced by mother tongue and other knowledge in the learning process.Positive transfers of languages is easy to understand and will promote target language learning,but due to the negative transfer of mother tongue and target language some forms and rules are distracted in learning system.The language learning is affected because the mother tongue and target language forms and rules of the system are different and the differences of other knowledge references to the cognition of the objective world various nationalities psychological.Interaction between human cognitive experience and language expression,language expression reflects the human cognition and experience,cognitive and experience at the same time also affects the language expression.Between different ethnic groups of the same or similar cognitive mode will make language understanding easy,otherwise,it will hinder the understanding of language.Thus the differences of language is a key problem for foreign language learner,so this paper analyzes the structural and semantic differences of existential sentence in Russian and Chinese,then analyzes the cognitive factors of these differences by using the theory of categorization,prototype theory and salience.This paper consists of introduction,body and conclusion.The introduction includes the background of the comparative study in linguistics and Russian existential sentence of contrast research situation at home and abroad.The body consists of three chapters.The second chapter is the Russian and Chinese sentence structure characteristics and differences.The third chapter for Russian and Chinese existential sentence semantic characteristics and contrast.The forth chapter is Russian and Chinese sentence structure and semantic differences of cognitive analysis.At present domestic study of most of the comparison of Russian and Chinese existence sentences use the traditional form of comparative analysis from the perspective of cognitive causing differences in Russian and Chinese existential sentences are only a minority,hope to make this paper of the Russian learners and the difference of Russian and Chinese existential sentences cognitive a better understanding of how the nationality.The study of Russian and Chinese existential sentences from the perspective of cognitive differences are easy to develop Russian learners' ability of grasping language's inherent law through the language phenomenon.Then,the learners can apply Russian better.At the same time,it is better that this study can be used into the Russian teaching and can provide some references of the language translation and language teaching and promote the learning of Russian.