Comparative Analysis Of Syntactic Structure And Semantics Of Chinese And Russian Existential Sentences

All concrete and abstract objects and people in the world exist within certain space.These objects,people or space can refer to real things or locations as well as to objects,people,phenomena and locations which existence is acknowledged by humankind.Through the analysis of relevant literature we can see that there are very few theses that conducted a comparative analysis of Chinese and Russian existential sentences as well as a multi-dimensional research.Therefore,in order to obtain more valuable research results,we have carried out our comparative analysis of the Chinese-Russian existential sentences from three different angles such as the syntactic structure,semantics of the whole sentence and its components and pragmatics.Due to very close relationship between the three levels,it is necessary to conduct this research from all the three angles simultaneously.Through comparative analysis of syntactic structure,semantic and pragmatic of affirmative complete existential sentences in the Chinese and Russian languages,we found that the two have both similar and different characteristics.Simultaneously,based on the results of our comparative analysis,we offered some ideas and suggestions for teaching Chinese existential sentences to Russian natives.After conducting this research and analysis,we can draw a conclusion that one of the most significant differences between Chinese and Russian existential sentences was found in the first main component of the existential sentences in both languages,such as in its semantic framework,semantic function of its components as well as in syntactic function of its components.At the same time we discovered that Chinese and Russian existential sentences are very similar in the sequence of the main three components in the sentence,the pragmatic structure of the speech flow and in the semantic of location component that has the meaning of place.From the syntactic structure of Chinese and Russian existential sentences it is noticeable that each consists of three main components,they are Location + Existential Verb + Existential Noun.However,the Location has significant differences in both Chinese and Russian existential sentences.From the syntactic function of the main components of the existential sentence we can discover that the Existential Verb is a predicate in both Chinese and Russian existential sentences,whereas the syntactic function of the other two components is significantly different in both existential sentences.From the semantics of existential sentences we can clearly see that there are numerous similarities as well as differences between Chinese and Russian existential sentences.The most noticeable similarity is reflected in the Location component of both sentences.The essential detail is that the Location in Russian existential sentences has several other semantic meanings,and the semantics of Chinese Location component is limited to only location and time,that is why several types of Russian existential sentences do not correspond with Chinese ones,therefore other sentences are used to express the semantic meaning of some Russian existential sentences in the Chinese language.