View Of Surviving In Legalism And Its Base Line Design

This thesis tends to give some historical explaination and reflection to legalism by summarizing previous ideological understanding about legalists,extracting the recognition of survival problem in legalists on the politics principle layer and focusing on the methods of surviving in legalists.The thesis has 5 parts.The first part simply reviews the study of the legalist school of thoughts,the origin and classification and the basic problem of the legalist school thought.Simultaneously,this part also summarizes the exposition of “live” and “survive” raised by pre-Qin thinkers and then puts forward the necessary of viewing the survival problem.The second part analyzes the appearance of “survive” and the initial solution.At first,people protected themselves from the threat by inventing groups,then country appeared.At the same time,monarchs were elected by people.However,the producing ways changed from Abdication System to Inheritance System,which made the coutry could not ensure people survive at any time.The third part proposes the solution to this problem,that is using legal to restrict monarchical power and prevent people from crime.Zhu Yang raised a different way from the of Anachic Theory angle,which supplemented the legalists powerfully.The forth part argues the actual survival measure—that is using “political trickery” to protect the surviving of the monarch.This way can assure national security by stressing agriculture and restraining commerce,provide the rising space to people by the military exploit rank institution and peerage of average person institution.The fifth part analyzes the theoretical defect of legalism from two angles.The first one is the “Yi Yin debate” between Menci and Han Feizi,which showed some contradiction in some Han's thoughts.The other one is the “Zhigong indicts his father”,which exhibited the tendency of simplification of the legalism.In the end of the thesis,the conclusion is obtained,which is designed by the legalism theory as the base line from the debate of “classical problem” in Confucianism and Taoism.