| After the War Havoc under the Reigns of Xianfeng and Tongzhi,the reconstruction of Huizhou was a hot and also difficult issue for academics.That means,through history?sociology?culturology and any other means to analyze the reconstruction's characteristics,which could give people some enlightenment through the success and failure of it today,we could get lots of academic value and practical significance on Huizhou social region research.As we all knew,the War Havoc under the Reigns of Xianfeng and Tongzhi,which lasted for ten more years,makes Huizhou dropped prosperity to decline,and the population here had a sharp decline.Social order was destroyed,not to mention the declined of the economy.Spiritual beliefs were destroyed accompany with the declined of culture and education.So people here had a big change in their mind because of this war.Social atmosphere turned bad day by day.People here in Huizhou had great difficulties to reconstructed their totally destroyed homeland after the War Havoc under the Reigns of Xianfeng and Tongzhi.Relief activities occupied the first position in the social reconstruction.The second position was to restore the social order.Reconstruction of the government,clan and folk belief was the key.As a result,the reconstruction would have stable environment.Rectify the Huizhou society also entrusts great influence to the reconstruction all along.During the economical reconstruction,central government offers favorable policies and stable social environment,which offered possibilities to achieve the goal.People here were all looking forward to the reconstruction of agriculture,so the local government and gentlemen call farmers and money together to reconstructed the agricultural facilities and thought about the prospects of local agriculture.Huizhou had long been famous for its local tea,so based on this local economic crop the reconstruction of the traditional industry was necessary.Regardless of this war,lots of people here still worked outside.We could study the management of Huizhou's businessmen through lots of business halls whether by new building or reconstruction.The number of Huizhou's businessmen did not decline according to the records in Hangzhou Weishantang.During the cultural reconstruction,people repaired lots of new cultural and educational places,and continued to encourage Confucianism education and imperial examinations.They attach great importance to the local literature remedy,especially the chorography and genealogy.After the reconstruction,the Qing government abolished the imperial examination system,but turned to the development of new style schools.At this time,Huizhou began its transformation of basic education.Through the aspects of society,economy and culture,we can see that Huizhou's reconstruction had its own particularity.First,they took the recovery of clan order very seriously.Secondly,traditional business atmosphere made Huizhou willing to run business again,which let merchants here recovery during Tongzhi and Guangxu periods easily to understand.Thirdly,the reconstruction funds were offered mostly by local gentlemen and merchants,which means,from the reconstruction of ancestral hall to scrap the aftermath of engineering construction,the reconstruction was a self-sufficient and self-built movement.Fourthly,the particularity of the reconstruction caused by the era environment,people in Huizhou should not only rebuild traditional culture but adapted new changes as well.The War Havoc under the Reigns of Xianfeng and Tongzhi was the biggest war in Huizhou until today,which made Huizhou struggle in great depression for a long time.It's difficult to repeat its past prosperity through the post-war reconstruction carried out in full swing.The condition was filled with complicated reasons and various kinds of helpless.But people in Huizhou are worth to be remembered for their unyielding spirit during the reconstruction.We should think and learn from the reconstruction and experience as well. |
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