The Influence Of Attribution Style And Frame Effect On College Students' Risk Preference

In recent years,psychologists have done a lot of research on the relevant content of risk decision-making,which has always been one of the focuses in the field of psychology.The research on the relationship between frame theory and risk decision is becoming more and more important in the field of decision-making.The frame effect refers to the way in which the problem or task context is changed,leading to a different preference for decision makers when making decisions.Researchers generally divide the framework effect into internal and external effects,namely the characteristics of the decision task itself and the individual characteristics of the decision maker.Attribution as a special cognitive activity of the individual,is one of the individual personality differences in the form of expression,but also affect the individual's information processing and behavioral motivation,and thus the impact of individual decision-making behavior.Therefore,this article further introduces the attribution style as one of the independent variables on the basis of predecessors' research,and whether both the attribution style and the framework affect the risk decision preferences of college students and how influences.This study mainly uses the two methods of experimental method and test method to analyze this problem,using 2(positive attribution style,negative attribution style)× 2(positive frame,negative frame)two-factor experimental design the study.There are two independent variables in the experiment,namely attribution style and frame.The dependent variable is the total score of the risk decision calculated by the individual in the answer to the risk decision material.The higher the total score of the individual's risk decision,indicating that the individual tends to be more risky,more likely to make a risky decision;the lower the total score,the more inclined to conservative,more likely to make conservative decisions.The results show that(1)The main effect of attribution style on risk appetite is significant,and the main effect of frame effect on risk preference is also significant,but the interaction between them is not significant;(2)the main effect of the framework on college students' risk appetite is significant.Individuals under the framework are more likely to risk avoidance in risk decision-making.Individuals under negative frameworks are more likely to seek risk in risk decision-making.Individuals under negative framework are more likely to make risky decisions than individuals under the framework;(3)the main effect of attribution style on college students' risk appetite is significant.Individuals with positive attribution are more likely to seek risk in risk decision-making.Individuals with negative attribution are more likely to risk aversion in risk decision-making.Individuals with positive attribution style tend to make more Risk decision making;(4)In the process of risk decision Biased towards risk seeking.In conclusion,this study explores the impact of attribution style and framework on risk appetite,and provides a reference for people to make their own decisions.Future research should further expand the scope of the study,differentiate the different situations of the task,and put the research in the realistic natural decision-making situation to enhance the ecological validity of the experiment.