The Complex Of The History Of Ming Dynasty In The Late Qing Dynasty And The Formation Of Chinese Modern Nationalism

This paper uses the Ming factors in the revolutionary propaganda in the late Qing dynasty as clues and analyzes the spread,sorting out and research of the Ming history,to explore the impact on the modern Chinese nationalism and to try to reveal the relationship between the history and the real social transformation.Firstly,the generation of the modern Chinese nationalism was the negation from the intellectuals under the condition of the malaise of the decay rule of Qing dynasty.They were trying to find referential theory and legally constituted authority resources in Ming history,in the hope that the illegality of Qing authority could be demonstrated,their cruelty could be reinterpret in the history.While,they wanted to shape the Han heroes to awaken people's morale and confidence,and they would sum up the advanced theories to the trend of the times in the process of reflection on history.It is the tradition of the Chinese civilization to learn from the history.In the face of the national crises internally and externally,the Han intellectuals began to seek out the historical facts of the Ming history to comfort the mind.Liang Qichao clearly pointed out in the Nearly Three Hundred Years Academic History of China: “The original driving force is the resurrection of thought in the residual Ming.” In the face of Manzhou noblemen's despotism and bullying of foreign powers,how to seek national self-reliance,confidence and strength in the study of Ming history has become a central task in that times.The propaganda and the research of the Ming history had greatly stimulated the “anti-Man” emotion in the Han nationality.The author has combed the understandings and interpretations of the important people and events in Ming history from the main representative figures of the anti-Qing group after the Opium War,from Hong Xiuquan,Sun yat-sen and others' following and worship to the revolutionary propaganda events against Qing and atrocity exposions from the revolutionists,in order to demonstrate the anti-Qing group had found many revolutionary theory basis and thinking through the discovery and interpretation of the Ming,and effectively carried out revolutionary propaganda and mobilization.The preliminary sorting and spread of the resources of the Ming history had aroused the Han's “revenge”,in the “anti-Man” revolution market demand,the production of Ming history research had been developed.This paper makes a discussion on the criticism of Liu Ji,Wang Yangming and Huang Zongxi reviewed by Zhang Taiyan,and analyzes Zhang's attitude and motive;this paper discusses Liang Qichao's studies for prominent people such as Zheng He,Zheng Chenggong,Yuan Chonghuan,as well as Huang Daozhou,Liu Zongzhou and so on who were well-known in ideological circle,and explores Liang's historical nationalism;this paper also sorts out the Chen Qubing and Liu Yazi's Ming history studies,which shows their motivation and objective more relevant to the “anti-Man” theme of the times.The criss-crossing between history and reality makes the issue of national identity in modern China especially complicated.Modern Chinese nationalism trend has gradually formed under the joint action of the traditional historical hared and moderncountries pursue,as well as Sun Yat-sen and Liang Qichao's developing nationalism thought.Under the premise of the existing of Qing dynasty,the Han nationality identity problems directly led to the “anti-Man” focus,and the national emotion excitation and the ethnic hatred incitation,which had rapidly prompted the revolutionary situation.In the course of the overthrow of Qing dynasty,the publicity of the Ming history and the form of the revolution eventually bring up the original nationalism.