On The Governance Evolution Of The Guihuacheng Area In The Mid-qing Dynasty

The social conditions of the Guihuacheng Area had been changing profoundly further in the Mid-Qing Dynasty.The negotiation issues between the inland people who came to the Guihuacheng Area to earn a living through the northern Shanxi Province and the Guihuacheng Tumd Mongolian was becoming increasingly frequent during this period.The Qing Government forced the governance of the Guihuacheng Area to make certain adjustments under the push of social reality.Functions division and integration among the three types of local government institutions(the Shanxi Authority,the Suiyuancheng Military Office and the Guihuacheng Tumd Banners)possessed distinctive features and profound influences.This paper is divided into three parts.The first part investigates the governance evolution of the Guihuacheng Area during the Qianlong period,involving influences of inflow of inland people which was accountable to the local leading economic production transformation,social problems between inland people and between the Guihuacheng Tumd Mongolian and inland people and the resulting essentials of local governance evolution.The previous researches relating to the contents of this part have matured.This part focuses on its weaknesses and does not give repetitive discussion about some issues any more.The second part discusses the governance evolution of the Guihuacheng Area during the Jiaqing and Daoguang periods,including new changes of social problems especially negotiation issues and functions expansion of the Suiyuancheng Military Office,the main line of the governance evolution in the periods.The third part concludes the features of the governance evolution of the Guihuacheng Area in the Mid-Qing Dynasty and analyzes the dual influences based on the actual governance performance.