Research On Characteristics And Relevant Factors Of College Students' Guilt,and The Effect Of Guilt On Their Prosocial Behaviors

As an important moral mind,guilt has always been the concern of researchers.Guilt is always accompanied by negative emotional experience,but the compensatory behavior after the guilty event is positive,which has become the focus of the researchers in recent years.In this study,the author used the method of empirical research to conduct a more comprehensive investigation and study on the psychological structure of college students' guilt,the related factors and the effect of guilt on students' pro-social behaviors.In this study,questionnaire survey and experimental method were used to complete the research,which included four parts.The first part explored the psychological structure of college students' guilt,and made the college students' guilt questionnaire.In the second part and the third part,the author used the self-made "College Students' Guilt Questionnaire " and combined the "Revised Adult Attachment Scale(AAS)" and "the Extend Objective Measure of Ego Identity Status-2,(EOM-EIS-2)" to get the basic characteristics and psychological mechanism of college students' guilt.The fourth part used the experimental method to reveal the influence of college students' guilt on their pro-social behaviors,including two experiments: the first experiment showed the influence of different sentence types(guilt sentence,primary emotional sentence)on the pro-social behaviors;The second experiment used the mixed experiment design of 2(guilt mood vocabulary,primary emotional vocabulary)× 2(threshold procedure,subliminal procedure)to see how different vocabularies influenced students' pro-social behaviors.Both experiments' dependent variable were the subjects' respondents,which were analyzed by repeated-measure variance analysis.Based on the above four studies,the following conclusions are drawn:(1)The psychological structure of college students' guilt includes four dimensions,which are the intention-less harm,the intentional harm,owed the loved ones and disappointing the group.The measurement index of self-made "CollegeStudents' Guilt Questionnaire" is acceptable,which can be a useful measurement.(2)According to the survey result,the data revealed that college students' scores on guilt were in the middle level,and the characteristics of college students' guilt were significantly different under different demographic variables.In the relationship between college students' attachment anxiety and college students' guilt,the ego identity played a mediation role.(3)Guilt could promote the pro-social behavior tendency of the individual.When the guilty words were used as the starting words,the subjects had the initiating effect under the threshold initiation condition.Compared with the non-pro-social tendency,respondent of social propensity was lower;however,there was no initiating effect under subliminal start conditions.