The Influence Of Guilt On Prosocial Compensation Behavior Of Junior Middle School Students In Different Interpersonal Situations

Guilt comprehension is the ability to know and understand the process of guilt,which belongs to the ability of emotion understanding.At present,the specific guilt development as well as guilt understanding ability of junior high school students is not clear.We know that the guilt understanding ability of the young people is developed with the age,But the study founds that more than half of 11-year-olds could not understand the second and third levels of guilt.Therefore,it is necessary to explore the development of guilt comprehension ability of junior high school students before conducting guilt research.Guilt is a negative emotional experience caused by the violation of its inherent norms of behavior,which has pro-social function.When guilt enters the concrete social interpersonal interaction situation,the pro-social function presents the complexity.Under the three-person situation,the guilt pro-social function is questioned by people.In the two-person situation,the guilt compensation behavior must be achieved by sacrificing their own interests,but when the situation extends to three people,what is the effect of guilt?Does a guilty person show a pro-social influence on the victim with a negative impact on a third person?The conclusions of the study based on different cultural backgrounds have not been agreed,and there are different opinions about the gender differences of guilt.Therefore,this study explored the effect of guilt on pro-social compensation behavior in different interpersonal situations,and paid attention to whether there were significant differences in gender.This study included three experiments,experiment 1 to explore the ability of junior middle school students to understand guilt emotion,experiment 2 and experiment 3's aim to explore the influence of guilt emotion on pro-social compensation behavior.In experiment 1,42 junior middle school students were recruited to investigate the guilt comprehension ability of junior high school students.According to the classical research paradigm,guilt comprehension ability was divided into three levels,through presenting guilt situation stories and problems.To determine the development level of guilt comprehension ability of junior high school students by analyzing their answers.In experiment 2.92 subjects were recruited in a two-person situation.The dependent variable was used to compensate the friend A for the number of chocolates given to the friend A by using a 2-2 inter-test design,to study the influence of emotional state and gender on pro-social compensation behavior in two-person situation.In experiment 3,72 participants were recruited in a three-person situation.The dependent variables were the compensation to the victim,the third person and the amount of chocolate left to them,using a 2-2 inter-test design,to study the influence of emotional state and gender on pro-social compensation behavior in three-person situation.The experimental results show that:(1)Junior high school students understand the first level of guilt better than the second and third levels,and there is no gender difference.(2)In the two-person situation,guilt compensated the victim significantly more than the control group.(3)In the two-person situation,the interaction between emotional state and gender is significant.The influence of emotional state on pro-social compensation behavior of male students was significantly different.The behavior of pro-social compensation in male students under guilt condition was significantly higher than that in control group.(4)In the three-person situation,guilt promoted the behavior of pro-social compensation.The guilty group shows the victims of the sacrifice of their own interests.(5)The gender difference is significant in the three-person situation.The boys group shared it with friends A,and the number of chocolates in friend B was significantly higher than that in girls,while the amount of chocolate left to oneself was significantly lower than that of the girls.Conclusion:(I)guilt can promote the pro-social compensation behavior of junior high school students in both two-person and three-person situations.(2)Under the three-person situation,junior middle school students will sacrifice their own interests to compensate the victims.(3)There is a gender difference in the guilt-related pro-social compensation behavior of junior middle school students.