The Spread Of The Folk Songs Of Ming And Qing Dynasties In Japan

Another historical upsurge of music communication between Japan and China was happened in Ming and Qing Dynasties(1368~1644?1644~1911),after the Tang Dynasty.Especially the folk songs of Ming and Qing Dynasties,which is the important carrier of folk music and literature art in the Ming and Qing Dynasties of China,spreading to Japan and becoming the principal part of Japanese traditional music “Qing Yue” of “Ming and Qing Yue” according to the only port city,Nagasaki on the island of Kyushu under the background of seclusion during the Edo period,taking root in Japan,taking the music culture of China and promoting the pace of Japanese music.“Qing Yue”,as a kind of music from China,which reflects the strong impact of "Qing Yue" on Japanese music culture that it can be one of the main traditional music in Japan.The folk songs of Ming and Qing Dynasties,as a special Chinese folk music culture during the Ming and Qing Dynasties,has become a bridge of deep communication between the two peoples,making a great contribution to the expansion of Chinese own cultural influence and becoming a historical story of Chinese and Japanese communication.Nagasaki,the nearest Japanese port city from China,is the original Japanese communication gateway of “Qing Yue" under the background of Japan's closing the country to international intercourse.According to the literature,there was a Chinese folk ballad recorded by the Japanese in Nagasaki in 1611 with the development of Chinese and Japanese trade and personnel communication.After that,Chinese that represented as Xinyue Chan Master,Jin Qinjiang and Lin Dejian from all walks of life,going to Japan,making great contribution on the spread of “Qing Yue”,training a lot of inheritors of Japanese “Qing Yue”.Meanwhile,it had organized the music schools and music organizations such as Tokyo school and the Osaka school,publishing lots of music score of “Qing Yue”.Taking Yue Qin,Qing flute as the representative music instruments of the "Qing" in Japanese society,it becomes an important part of Japanese culture in life that "Qing Yue" open concert is also common."Qing Yue" was held in Japan,which is the most popular Japanese music in the eve of the Sino Japanese war.After the defeat of Japan,the strong China gradually decline and the status of "Qing Yue" plummeted with the Meiji Restoration of Japan which began to introduce foreign policy.“Qing Yue” finally regained some vitality that "Qing Yue" was identified as Nagasaki's intangible cultural property in 1969 and it established the Ming and Qing Dynasties music preservation society by Cun Qiluo and other persons in 1971.This article mainly explores the spread of folk songs in Japan from Japanese "Qing Yue",which is divided into four chapters:The first chapter gives an overview of early music communication between Japan and China and the folk songs of Ming and Qing Dynasties.The second chapter discusses the historical origin of the spread and development of "Qing Yue" in Japan.The third chapter introduces the remaining precious music score of Japanese “Qing Yue” that contains “the Secret Music Score of Qing Yue”,“Qing Feng Zhu Chu”,“the Elegant Music Score of Qing Feng”,“the Text Score of Qing Yue” and “the Singing of Qing Feng”.The fourth chapter makes a discussion on the ideological connotations,modal scales,music features and representative tune of the five music score of “Qing Yue” that is mentioned.The research is helpful to objectively and comprehensively understand the situation of the spread of the form of “Qing Yue” that the folk songs of Ming and Qing Dynasties were played in Japan.Drawing on the experience of the past,we can provide historical experience for China to enhance its cultural soft power on the world stage.