Relationships Among Rumination,Resilience,Depression And Anxiety And Interventions In College Students

Rumination is a method of coping with negative mood that involves self-focused attention.According to Response Styles Theory(RST),it is characterized by self-reflection as well as a repetitive and passive focus on one’s negative emotions.Over the past two decades,rumination has evolved as a critical construct in understanding the development and persistence of depressed mood.Resilience refers to the process of overcoming the negative effects of risk exposure,coping successfully with traumatic experiences,and avoiding the negative trajectories associated with risks.Compensatory model of resilience is defined when a promotive factor counteracts or operates in an opposite direction of a risk factor.When facing negative effect of affects,resilience can have a protection of individual from negative rumination.Meanwhile positive affect can facilitate one’s protective factors of resilience and develop resilient qualities.Resilience of individual is also effectively coping with depression and anxiety.Rather recent researches had some investigation of the mediating effect of promotive factors of resilience on effect of rumination on depressions.Whereas the mediating role of resilience may need further exploration and discussion.Thesis includes two studies.Study 1 carried out investigation with Resilience Scale for Chinese Adolescents,Rumination Scale for College Students,Self-rating Depression Scale(SDS)and Self-rating Anxiety Scale(SAS)to survey on 367 Chinese college students exploring the mediation of resilience to effect of rumination on depression&anxiety.In Study 2,28 students voluntarily participated in group counseling based on five factors of positive rumination and improvement of mental health from depression and anxiety.An experiment-control group experiment design and a tracking investigation was carried.After 5 times(2 hours each time)group counseling on participants,the study analyzed the immediate and one-month follow up effect of positive rumination focused group counseling.Based on data analysis and discussion,the conclusions are as follows:(1)Resilience partially mediated the effect of negative rumination on depression and anxiety.Resilience partially mediated positive rumination on depression but no mediation has been found to effect of rumination on anxiety.(2)Negative rumination and has significant difference on gender.Females have significantly more negative rumination,self-negation and happiness inhibition than males while get lower rates on enjoy happiness.(3)Group counseling focus on positive rumination training can significantly improve positive rumination and prohibit negative rumination,resilience has been significantly improved while depression has been significantly lowered.One month later,follow-up survey and interview showed that the positive effect of group counseling still existed.