The Research On Treatment Of Water Environment Problem About Xigou No.4 And No.5 Tombs In Guoyuan-Xincheng Tombs

Ancient tombs refer to the remains that the ancient took a way to bury the dead,which are the precious historical and cultural heritage from the human ancestors.The ancient tombs buried in the underground which are vulnerable to water seepage of the surrounding water environment.How to solve water seepage is the key to the save of the ancient tombs in the long time.This paper takes the water environment problem of the Xigou No.4 and No.5 tombs as the research object,analyzing the source and way of seepage through field research and exploration,then puts forward a set of preventive measures to control seepage of the tombs,which is conducive to the long-term preservation and display of the tombs,but also provides reference for the governance on water environment of the other ancient tombs.The tombs are surrounded by farmland,east and west sides have an irrigation channel.Due to the impact of channel leakage and farmland irrigation,the seepage problem of the tombs is serous.There are water accumulation and sediment deposition in the tombs.Part of burial chambers and tomb passage collapse,the tomb(brick)fresco appear weathering,fading and so on.The seepage sources are: 1.Channel leakage water.2.Surrounding farmland irrigation water.3.Water accumulation and flood from heavy rainfall.4.Condensed water.Exploring lithology and permeability by the test,the seepage way is the unsaturated zone with depth of 10 m from ground to coffin chamber: leakage water permeates slowly through sand clay whose permeability coefficient is about 0.4m/d,with vertical and horizontal infiltration,then recharges groundwater by fast vertical infiltration speed through sandy gravel layer whose permeability coefficient is about 15.11m/d,part of leakage water permeates into the chamber with movement of unsaturated water.On the basis of identifying the source and way of seepage,the corresponding prevention and control measures are put forward: 1.Set the waterproof and anti-seepage area,farming and irrigation are forbidden in the region.2.Use the local cohesive soil to fill low-lying land,which eliminates water accumulation of low-lying land from leaking water of channel and irrigation and heavy rainfall.3.Lined channel on the east and west sides respectively,which intercepts the channel leakage water.4.Establish anti-seepagebarrier wall on the regional boundaries,which cuts off irrigation water infiltration.5.Arrange dehumidifier in the tombs to control relative humidity of the tombs,which curbs the formation of condensate.The above-mentioned anti-seepage measures can curb or eliminate seepage in the tombs effectively,so that the burial artifacts can be well preserved for a long time.