The Research On Shanghai Anti-Japanese And National Salvation Association(1931.7-1932.1)

In 1931,Japan stirred up trouble through the Korean anti-Chinese incidents and provoked a great disturbance in China.People and organizations all over the country gathered to protest and denounce the crimes of Japan.Shanghai is particularly active across the country.On July 13 th,1931,more than 500 representatives from all walks of life in Shanghai City held Anti-Japanese and aid overseas Chinese conference at Chamber of Commerce,the meeting announced the resolution of the establishment of the Shanghai Municipal Anti-Japanese and aid overseas Chinese Committee.The organization is organized by business and industry groups as its principal members.Anti-Japanese and aid overseas Chinese Committee was established in the context of the Wan Baoshan case and the murder of the overseas Chinese in North Korea.Therefore,its purpose is twofold: Firstly,it is against Japan's exclusion from China;Secondly,the organization aid sufferers overseas Chinese in North Korea.The committee takes the main form of activity is to boycott Japanese goods and raise benefits.Anti-Japanese and Aid overseas Chinese Committee has developed a series of detailed articles of association,staff rules and the disposal of Japanese goods steps and methods,so that the organization can carry out activities in a regular order.The committee is mainly composed by representatives of the Chamber of Commerce and it is an economic organization which is established by the parties of forces in order to Anti-Japanese.Business people such as Yu Qiaqing,Wang Xiaolai played an important role in the organization,but with the further development of the movement,the main members of the Chamber of Commerce in the committee had different views in the cooperation.Moreover,the main members of the committee are from the city party,or the members have a close relationship with the city party department.In the days after,the conflict began to intensify in the process of the boycott.Due to the arrival of the Suzhou River in August 12 th events,Anti-Japanese and Aid overseas Chinese Committee was in an internal differentiation situation.Wang Xiaolai,Yu Qiaqing and other representatives of the Chamber of Commerce have quit the committee,due to the influence of Jiang huai flood,anti-Japanese activities] slowed down,the committee would gradually stop the boycott activities.But soon later,with the domestic situation of the upcoming war,Anti-Japanese and Aid overseas Chinese Committee has changed its way.Mukden Incident broke out,the domestic public sentiment of against Japanese war ran high.September 22 nd,more than 5,000 people come from about 800 groups participated in AntiJapanese and Aid overseas Chinese Committee,the committee adopted a series of resolutions,the Anti-Japanese and Aid overseas Chinese Committee was official renamed the Shanghai AntiJapanese and National Salvation Commission.Members of the Anti-Japanese National Salvation Association and its internal organizations have some changes,but the main rights of the AntiJapanese and National Salvation Association is still controlled by the municipal party headquarters.The action against Japan,including how to dispose of Japanese goods,due to a boycott of Japanese goods material necessities purchase etc,it all have specific provisions and implementation,various industries and fields took an active part in the process of the boycott movement.In addition,the Anti-Japanese National Salvation Army of volunteers was set up to cooperate with the anti-Japanese movement.Later,the City Chamber of Commerce and the Shanghai Anti-Japanese and National Salvation Commission had different attitudes at the storage of Japanese goods,together with the city party pushed harsh suppression on the boycott of the merchant,the anti-Japanese national salvation under the leadership of the party gradually developed into support of Chiang Kai-shek's anti-Communist;With the development of antiJapanese movement,the organization of the Anti-Japanese National Salvation Association in Shanghai began to be lax,corruption occurred frequently,the leadership the movement had gradually decline.The situation in Shanghai has been weakened because of the separation of domestic politics and various conflicts.On January 16 th,1931,Japanese monk Gotou Yoshihira and other four people provoked workers in front of the factory of Fang Yin Xiang Gang Sanyou industrial Company.Three Japanese monks were assaulted.The Japanese side deliberately blamed the Chinese workers,the Japanese Consul General Murai asked the Mayor of Wu Tiecheng to put forward written protest and four requirements on grounds of Japanese monk brawl incident: one of which is to ban the anti-Japanese activities in Shanghai,especially outlaw of the Shanghai Anti-Japanese and National Salvation Commission.After being forced by the pressure of the Japanese side and the pressure from Shanghai municipal government,on January 28 th,Shanghai municipal government officially announced the abolition of the Shanghai Anti-Japanese and National Salvation Commission.From July 1931 to January 1932,the Shanghai Anti-Japanese and National Salvation Commission played an important role in the early stage of the Anti-Japanese war.With the Wanxian Massacre and Mukden Incident as the breaking point,the Kuomintang quickly control the process of the boycott.The new regime of the Kuomintang,which firmly controlled various social organizations and resisted the movement of foreign goods,transformed the spontaneous revolt against organized demonstrations into a double-edged sword which was used as against imperialism and the bourgeoisie itself.The Shanghai Anti-Japanese and National Salvation Commission eventually becomes a tool for local control.