Reconstruction Of Rural Order:Study On Land Reform In Macheng During The Early Period Of The People 's Republic Of China(1949-1953)

This paper takes Macheng district land reform movement during the early period of the PRC of the case,attempts to make a county land reform process,the state power and the rural reconstruction deeply depicts the basic social order situation,combing the area economic structure and social organization change context,analysis of soil changed deep significance for the traditional rural social change.In the traditional rural society in Macheng,the local government and the family are two of the most important social forces,the county government has management family and the power of social groups,different family surname manages a large number of farmers in the bottom,a number of temples,superstitious organization also controls a certain number of farmers and social resources.Macheng hilly area,a piece of land less,therefore,family and other social organizations to the number,but a single organization which is not large scale.Showing a large number of local population,the field is very small,civil society organizations are not strong.The contradiction between man and land is prominent,and the peasants at the bottom are always fighting for the survival and the landlords.Due to the lack of a cross blood ideas and organizational resources,the county's poor farmers do not unite,the size of the land struggle is not.The Communist Party of China has carried on the land revolution in the Macheng area very early,has carried on many practices in reforming the traditional economic pattern and the social structure.After the founding of new China,the CPC Macheng County Committee through the land reform of rural society,the grass-roots organizations and social structure of the overall adjustment.Clear bandit hegemony Movement broke the landlords and the folk organization,the revolutionary cadres replaced the previous governor,mayor,became a faithful execution of superior policy management,the middle layer of Macheng society is replaced.In order to transform the bottom of the farmers,the county sent work teams to enter the land reform in every country,through the promotion of class struggle and organization of poor peasants,put a lot of the poorest farmers to set the bottom within peasants association.The new regime carried out between the poor and the struggle to disintegrate the original family organization,through land allocation will become a rural household to household peasant family.After the land reform in Macheng County,more than 60 agricultural population relative to the average distribution of more than 84 acres of land,more than 36 poor peasants turning into the masters,the average share of 1 acres ofland.After the land reform,the original family economy and family organization of Macheng disappeared completely,and the small peasant household management mode based on the individual peasant household was formed.The class struggle in the land reform has formed a new class organization,and the new rural political system has been set up on this basis.Compared with the former squire,the new rural elites have higher recognition to the regime.In the struggle for land reform,the clan ethics is difficult to continue,the farmers began to form the concept of class and class identity.At the same time,the elimination of the family and other civil organizations,class identity will be integrated into the whole county farmers as a whole,the long plagued the various social conflicts in the Macheng area will not appear again.Finally,this paper attempts to study the rural social mobilization mechanism of Macheng in the struggle of land reform and the local characteristics of Macheng during the land reform.Starting from the bottom of the farmers land reform cadres at the universality of bitter experience,the contradiction between individual farmers into the class contradictions,quickly gained widespread recognition of poor peasants and farm laborers.Macheng's land reform struggles in North China Liberated Area compared to light,compared to the southern border and then to some;as the old Soviet Area,the bottom farmers than other areas in some degree of hesitation before the land reform and land reform;Macheng local struggle,class struggle is deepening,some excesses also has not been large-scale rectification.