Shanghai-Hangzhou-Ningbo Railway And Modern Zhejiang Society(1897-1937)

In this paper,the Shanghai-Hangzhou-Ningbo Railway in the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China was taken as the object of study,and the interactive relationship between railway construction and Zhejiang's economic and social development was discussed from the perspective of social livelihood.Shanghai-Hangzhou-Ningbo Railway was built in the process of struggling and controverting among Britain's Jardine Matheson,China Railway Corporation and the masses lived in Jiangsu and Zhejiang.Since 1907,the different parts of Shanghai-Hangzhou-Ningbo Railway had been completed and opened to traffic.Later,the railway was used to transport goods and passengers.There was a primaryly rising tendency not only in the quantity of freight and the freight traffic revenue,but also in the passenger number and the passenger train revenue year by year.The area is rich along Shanghai-Hangzhou-Ningbo Raiilway.The railway mainly transports handicrafts and agricultural products.According to the statistics for the thirties of the twentieth century,when compared with the major railway in China,the quantity of passenger seats and passenger's quantity of the Shanghai-Hangzhou-Ningbo railway are in the top five,and the number of freight deadweight tonnage,the quantity of freight and the number of passenger train are relatively behind.At first,Shanghai-Hangzhou-Ningbo Railway was managed by Zhejiang Railway Corporation and Jiangsu Railway Company.In the 1930 s,Nanjing-Shanghai and Shanghai-Hangzhou-Ningbo United Railway Administration was established.These two railways began to unified management.To improve the level of service,Shanghai-Hangzhou-Ningbo Railway Authority carried out various types of staff education.The opening of the Shanghai-Hangzhou-Ningbo Railway facilitated the transport of local products in Zhejiang Province and promoted the prosperity of the tourism industry along the route,and prompted people to accept the new object represented by railway and form a scientific concept of time.In addition,Shanghai-Hangzhou-Ningbo Railway had also caused negative and negative effects on Zhejiang society,such as railway traffic accidents and railway crime.The paper is divided into seven parts.The first part elaborates the background and significance of the topic selection,and sums up the relationship between the history of China's modern railway,the development of railway and social development,and the research results of Shanghai-Hangzhou-Ningbo Railway.The second part tells the story of the signing of Shanghai-Hangzhou-Ningbo Railway,and shows the historical events of the construction of Shanghai-Hangzhou-Ningbo Railway.The third part introduces the transportation facilities of Shanghai-Hangzhou-Ningbo Railway-the line,the station,the factory and the vehicle,and the statistics of the passenger and cargo operation of Shanghai-Hangzhou-Ningbo Railway.The fourth part discusses the changes of the railway management institutions in modern China,combs the organizational structure of Shanghai-Hangzhou-Ningbo Railway Bureau and the concrete development of Shanghai-Hangzhou-Ningbo Railway.The fifth part discusses the impact of Shanghai-Hangzhou-Ningbo Railway on the economic development and social and cultural changes of Zhejiang in modern times.It is believed that Shanghai-Hangzhou-Ningbo Railway has promoted the growth of Zhejiang economy and promoted the prosperity of the surrounding areas.In addition,the completion of the railway will help people along the line to accept new things and the formation of a scientific concept of time.The sixth part analyzes the social contradictions caused by the opening of Shanghai-Hangzhou-Ningbo Railway,including the railway traffic accident,the railway crime and the rebellion of the railway workers,and discusses the causes of the traffic accidents of Shanghai-Hangzhou-Ningbo Railway and the countermeasures Crime prevention management measures.The seventh part reviews the history of Shanghai-Hangzhou-Ningbo Railway,summarizes the impact of Shanghai-Hangzhou-Ningbo Railway on the modern society of Zhejiang,and thinks that the impact of the railway on Zhejiang society is generally positive and progressive.