Research On Father-son Relationship In Nakagami Kenji's Kish(?) Trilogy

Nakagami Kenji(1946-1992)is a Japanese writer born in a discriminatory tribe in Kish(?).He depicts the local customs and practices with a unique writing technique,meanwhile discusses social problems such as tribal discrimination.Nakagami is the first Akutagawa Literature Prize winner who was born post-war,and occupies an important position in modern Japanese literary world.In 1976,Nakagami published The Cape,which won the Akutagawa Literature Prize.Then he created the continuance The Deadwood and Supreme Time at the End of the Earth.The three books are called Kish(?) Trilogy,explores the influence of complicated geopolitical and consanguineous environments to the characters' fates.It also revealed the irreconcilable conflict between the protagonist and his biological father.Family relationship and father-son relationship have always been one of the most important themes in literature.As the main line of Kish(?) Trilogy,the father-son relationship promotes the development of the story.Through discussing the relationship,we could understand the influences of family environment,geographical environment and the existence of the other on the protagonist's self-awareness.Previous research has shown that external environment and tribal discrimination influenced the characters' fates by blood and geography.Studies on father-son relationship are mainly concentrated on the Oedipus complex and the maternal and paternal conflict,without elaborately discussing the influence of the other and the essence of father-son conflict.This paper takes Kish(?) Trilogy as research texts to analyze issues related to the father-son conflict.In the process of comprehending biological father and himself,the protagonist is deeply influenced by the other,such as stepfather,mother and Roji.Hence,the theory of Relationship between Self and Other,containing the identification between Self and Other and the ethic relationship of independence of Self from Other,provides a theoretical basis for this paper.The protagonist desires identification with his father as well as absolute self-existence.The influence of the other causes the paradoxical self-realization of the protagonist,which leads to the father-son conflict.This paper is mainly composed of four parts:the protagonist's father cognition,the influence of the other on the father-son conflict,Roji's influence and the protagonist's self-awareness changes.The presence of stepfather and absence of biological father causes the protagonist's lacking knowledge of father and himself in his growing-up life.The stepfather motivates the hero to know his biological father,as well as to ask about the aseity problem.It can be said that the existence of stepfather and biological father is the precondition of father-son conflict.The second part delves into the influence of the other on the father-son conflict.As the representative of the maternal party,mother and sister deny the biological father's existence and father-son relationship,which causes father-son conflict.But other people in Roji stress on the sameness of the hero and his biological father.They always bind the two together,which makes the hero's father cognition and self-consciousness chaotic.Also,Roji's influence on father-son conflict cannot be neglected.The hero and his father hold totally opposite cognitions of Roji.Roji is with unique geographical and humanistic environments but changed constantly and disappeared at last.All of these factors have promoted the father-son conflict.The distance between father and son changes,which results in the protagonist's retaliatory actions.The protagonist's self-consciousness has undergone the three stages of germination,confusion and conflict.All of these changes affect the father-son relationship essentially.The conclusion part summarizes the influence of the other on father cognition and self-awareness of the protagonist.The protagonist's self-existence is not recognized by other.He tries to break the shackles from paternal and maternal line through incest,murdering brother and setting fire.The violent actions are also adopted to seek self-independence and avoid self-existence elimination.The protagonist seeks and recognizes himself in the process of conflict with external environment.The complicated consanguineous and geographic environments affect protagonist's self-awareness profoundly.In the meantime,the changes and conflicts of self-awareness bring about the father-son conflict.In conclusion,the fundamental reason for the father-son conflict lies in the conflict of the protagonist's self-consciousness.The research on father-son relationship in Kish(?) Trilogy is a promotion to understand father and father-son relationship,as well as in knowing the essential reasons of father-son conflict.At the same time,this research has a positive effect on absorbing father cognition in Nakagami Kenji's literature works,the importance of the Roji and the complicated external environment's influence on self-knowledge.