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Research On The Crowd Evacuation Simulation Based On The Social Force Model

Posted on:2017-08-11Degree:MasterType:Thesis
Country:ChinaCandidate:S ZhaoFull Text:PDF
GTID:2336330488959027Subject:Industrial engineering
Abstract/Summary:PDF Full Text Request
In recent years, emergencies frequently happen in big cities at home and abroad, how to evacuate effectively in an emergency has drawn wide attention of all countries. Our country is in the period of social transition, the urbanization speed up which makes the city a sharp increase in population and building density, the crowds gathered problems become more prominent in public buildings, when emergency happen, property and personnel loss will be more serious. Therefore, research in crowd behavior phenomenon in public places and the crowd evacuation characteristic, how to organize effective and reasonable evacuation under emergency to reduce casualties and property losses has important practical significance.This paper review the existing research on the crowd evacuation and found:the existing research mostly focus on pedestrian flow characteristics, using existed crowd evacuation model to improve and innovate which will provide theory support for the crowd evacuation. But in the real situation, the environment is complex in the public places, exits are numerous, how to put forward the corresponding simulation model for specific situation and evacuation strategy is very necessary. Based on Helbing social force model, this study proposes a crowd evacuation model considering the pedestrian characteristics in public places and human intervention under the action of the two cases at the same time. With a concrete large-scale shopping plaza layer as example and consider simulation experiments under different factors effect, related put forward suggestions about crowd evacuation in public places, make a certain contribution for reducing casualties caused by specific scenarios emergency.In this paper, the main research work is as follows:(1) Building a crowd evacuation model which according to the pedestrian characteristics in public places. Firstly summarizing the results of previous studies about crowd behavior, revealing crowd behavior characteristics under the emergency:such as panic psychology spread, behavior clusters. Then put panic factor, small groups, the leading behavior into social force model to build a crowd evacuation model which is suitable for the public place.(2)Bring in the Particle Swarm Optimization to depict the group escape behavior in the process of crowd evacuation. After specific public scene description and parameter, aim at two kinds of crowd behavior in evacuation, the compact group to achieve closely relationship by modifying parameters in social force model, the escaping group which has more people in evacuation and a loose internal will adopt the particle swarm optimization to simulate the pedestrian evacuation behavior.(3) Simulation crowd evacuation under the stores emergency.Using Anylogic simulation platform add panic factor, small groups, guide behavior, the particle swarm and so on about six scene, adjust parameters many times to repeat experiments, according to the experiment data results to analysis influence depending on each factor or the parameters on the evacuation efficiency, it also verify the effectiveness of the crowd evacuation model in this paper.(4) Putting forward the corresponding countermeasures directly against the crowd evacuation in the emergency. Based on discussion and analysis of the experiment simulation results data on, how to guide under the emergency and put forward related Suggestions for ordinary contingency plan.
Keywords/Search Tags:Crowd Behavior, the Crowd Evacuation, Social Force Model, Particle Swarm Optimization
PDF Full Text Request
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