Development Trend Of Military Extreme Environmental Simulation Technology,Facilities And Construction Strategy

As we have known,military operation environments are complex and varied.Soldiers and weapons are influenced by these multiple environmental factors at all times.Especially under the current international situation,regions with rich natural resources or considered as the important strategic positions,such as the north and the south poles,the equator,the deserts and the high altitude areas,have attracted a growing number of national attention.However,these areas have poor natural conditions.With the future war mode to cross regional and rapid mobility,the troops in these areas not only need to quickly,repeatedly stationed,and may even require long-term residence.As the task of the military and various types of equipment,they will not only be affected by a variety of complex and harsh environmental factors,but will be affected by a variety of environmental factors for Long term and complex action.These factors will damage soldiers' health,reduce the ability to work and even lead to disability and death.The harsh environment factors also directly endanger the quality and reliability of all kinds of equipment.According to the National Bureau of standards USA,corrosion weapons and equipment cause the annual loss of $70 billion,equivalent to 4% of GDP due to environmental temperature and humidity.Focus on meeting the needs of future conduct operations,we should study the effects of complex environment on the health and combat capability,the environmental adaptability of military equipment and the integration of man and machine.With the development of the future battlefield environment and the change of the war mode,it puts forward higher requirements for the environmental adaptability of soldiers and weaponry.In order to improve the adaptability and combat ability of soldiers in a variety of harsh environments,and improve the adaptability of weapons and equipment to a variety of harsh environments,especially the quantitative evaluation of military weapons and equipment to conduct a comprehensive system in complex and unknown environment is extreme,we need to put the field of military medical research by the maintenance of a healthy environment to promote healthy medical medicine,strong ability to damage by single factor compound injury factors,by the body to enhance the cognition of injury prevention research areas expand,and supporting the construction of advanced environmental simulation facility developed in complex and dynamic environment simulation test to carry out scientific research comprehensive efficiency the man-machine system.Environmental simulation test is of great importance in the research of human and equipment environmental adaptability.From the domestic and international environmental simulation facilities,these have built a large number of 4 parameters of the following environmental simulation facilities and can basically achieve the study of the general environment.However,there are still many problems,such as few simulation parameters,few kinds of simulation environment,few simulation techniques and single research object.The existing environmental simulation facilities can't achieve the accurate simulation of complex environment and the dynamic changes of several environmental parameters,and can not accurately establish the organic link between man machine and environment.According to the present situation of environmental medicine research at home and abroad,it is not possible to study the change of military operation ability and ergonomics under the dynamic change of complex factors.From the development trend of environmental simulation technology,environment simulation equipment and testing technology is at a turning point in the time.It is from the single parameter to simulate multi parameter simulation and static simulation to dynamic simulation,simulation of short term to long term simulation,simulation parameters controllable range from smaller to larger changes,environmental factors and simulation the stronger and more comprehensive.With the development of environmental simulation technology,it can be fully viable to build an ultra large,integrated extreme environment simulation facility that can simulate the north and south poles,the equatorial desert,high altitudes of various factors.Therefore,we should fully analyze the major strategic needs of national defense construction,understand and master the development of environmental medicine,environmental simulation technology and facilities at home and abroad,analysis of the future development trend of military environmental medicine,environmental simulation technology and facilities,put forward a comprehensive dynamic environment simulation facility construction strategy of whole process.The above research is of great significance to support special environmental medicine of basic research and discipline development,to develop the innovation and breakthrough of environmental simulation technology,to enhance the military logistics service and support capability.The research of this subject is mainly based on the research of intelligence,using the methods of literature research,expert consultation,comparative analysis,summary and so on.This study reviews the current situation of the development of infrastructure and the future development trend of domestic and foreign environment and environmental medicine,simulation,analyzes the impact of future battlefield environment changes on personnel and equipment adaptability.In view of the challenges that our army will face in the extreme environment of the north and south poles,the equatorial desert and the high altitude in the future 20-30,this study proposes a preliminary scheme for building a comprehensive dynamic environment simulation facility.This study is divided into the following five parts.The first part is the formation and connotation of military extreme environment.This part mainly explains the definition of the environment,the extreme environment,the development of the future battlefield environment,and the new characteristics of the damage caused by the expansion of the military extreme environment.In order to solve the new characteristics of the military environmental medicine,we should focus on the update of research ideas and technical platform.The second part is the domestic and international environmental medicine,environmental simulation technology and facilities development status and analysis.This part analyzes the development of environmental medicine,environmental simulation technology and facilities at home and abroad.Based on the domestic and international environmental medicine,environmental simulation technology and the development of facilities,foreign military pay high attention to use the environmental simulation facility to carry out a series of research,for example,improving evaluation technology and equipment research,special operations forces,all kinds of extreme environmental adaptability training equipment environmental adaptability of personnel operating capacity under special environment.Many 4 parameters of the environmental simulation facilities were built at home and abroad.Most facilities can be achieved on a simple simulation of a single environment,individual facilities can achieve 2 parameters coordinate changes.However,environmental simulation facilities can't fully reflect the true characteristics of complex environment.The existing research remains to be further strengthened in the complex environment of the human-machine,dynamic synergy.The third part is to put forward the construction of military extreme environment simulation facilities.In this part,we analysis the development trend of environmental simulation technology,propose that the future environmental simulation technology will take place five major changes,from single parameter simulation to multi parameter simulation transition,from static simulation to dynamic simulation,from physical control to digital control,from the inherent scope to the new scope.With the development of environmental simulation technology,the development of environmental simulation facilities has also experienced two generations.The main features of the first generation of environmental simulation facilities are small scale,single simulation factor,small range of simulation parameters,shorter continuous working time,and the simulation parameters can't be coupled.The facility is mainly used for a simple simulation of a particular environment.The second generation of environmental simulation facilities are improved or extended both in the cabin capacity,simulation parameters and the continuous working time.Individual facilities can achieve two parameter coupling changes and able to simulate a variety of environments in a facility.In order to meet the new requirements and new challenges to the combat capability of soldiers in the future,it is suggested that the third generation environmental simulation facility should be constructed to simulate the north and south poles,high altitude,equatorial desert and other new environment.The main features of the facility include multi factor complex,dynamic simulation,whole process coverage,computer virtual reality.The facility consists of three parts.The main structure is a multi factor,whole process,dynamic and vertical structure of the computer virtual reality environment chamber.The facility can accommodate up to 30 people at the same time and can organize small range military operations.The main technical and technical indicators of facilities include 8 such as temperature,pressure,humidity etc.The overall size is 15 × 10 m.The facility set two airlocks.The second part is the auxiliary power facilities,including the refrigeration,heating,heating and other 17 modules.This part is mainly used to provide dynamic support and data transmission for environmental simulation cabin.The third part is the scientific experimental facilities,including the physiological changes of extreme environmental organism on-line monitoring technology laboratory,man-machine performance improvement technology laboratory,computer virtual simulation evaluation laboratory,extreme environmental tolerance biotechnology laboratory,biological bionics technology laboratory,etc.This part mainly carries out research on biological tolerance mechanism and protection technology,man-machine efficiency enhancement technology,environmental hygiene evaluation of sanitary equipment in special environment.At the same time,it also puts forward five key technical difficulties to build the third generation environmental simulation facilities.The fourth part is the design scheme of integrated dynamic environment simulation of whole process.The construction of this facility also faces many technical difficulties,many uncertain factors and the relatively large technical risk.In order to break the technical difficulties and reduce the technical risk of facilities construction,we have designed the integrated dynamic environment simulation of the whole process with academician Wang jun of Beijing university of aeronautics and astronautics.We use prototype to conduct advanced technology research to verify the feasibility and practicability of key technology,provide technical reserve and technical support for the construction and utilization of military extreme environmental simulation facilities.The prototype compound four environmental parameters,including temperature,humidity,pressure,light.It can realize the simulation of the dynamic change of the external environment.We intend to use air cooling technology to obtain a low temperature lower than-80 ?.We use the technology of inlet and exhaust pressure rapid bidirectional adjustment to realize rapid change of pressure in environmental chamber.We Use low temperature cold plate technology to ensure the uniformity of temperature and humidity in environmental cabin under low air pressure.We Use advanced decoupling control technology to ensure the precise adjustment of environmental parameters.The fifth part is the prospect of military extreme environmental simulation research and application.This part mainly discusses some research content of the future of the environmental simulation facilities.The facility is mainly used for basic research and effectiveness evaluation of sanitary protective equipment.The facility can be applied to domestic special environmental medical injury and protection research,personnel ability promotion research,protection medicine and equipment environmental adaptability evaluation research,human-computer collaboration research,scientific research institutions and hospital.