An Analysis Of Kant's Theory Of The Federation Of Free States

Kant's theory of the federation of free states is the foundation of the building of the United Ntion and the international legal order.The source of this theory can be traced back to the idea of Cosmopolitanism in the time of Ancient Greece and Hebrew.And the the concept of the federation of free states was first formally proposed and integrally discussed in Kant's essay Toward Perpetual Peace:A Philosophical Sketch wrote in 1795.It is the core of the system design of Kant's theory towrad perpetual peace.It embodes the great philosopher's yearning for eternal peance and and the close attention to thefate of human being.This paper is divided into four chapters in structure,which respectively discusses the origin,the connotation,the dilemma,the influence and significance of the theory of the federation of free states.The first chapter mainly studies the origin of this theory from historical origin andrealistic background.The second chapter analyzes the theoretical connotation of this theoryfrom four levels,namely,the formal introduction and the way of reasoning,the theoretical premise,the theoretical purpose and theoretical assurance.The third chapter points out the three theoretical dilemmas,which are the finality of its realization in time,the difficulties of its practice and the limitation of its function and the cause of the dilemma.The fourth chapter discusses the influence and significance of this theory.That is,this theory has not only played an important guiding role in the establishment of the League of Nations and the United Nations in the world history,but also has important theoretical significance in the present practice of human peace and the construction of international order and the development and improvement of the international organization.This paper argues that Kant 's theory of the federation of free states is a kind of theory integrating politics,rights and ethics as a whole with the characteristic of idealism and realism,which determines this theory not only has an indispensable theoretical reference value for the practice of human peace,but also can be put into practice after its being properly amended.