Research On The Application Of Criminal Investigation In Evidence-based Policing

Originated in British Renaissance,the Evidence-Based idea,shines the light of science after experiencing the Enlightenment Movement.In face of the difficult social problems,the concept and the methods of Evidence-Based had become an important breakthrough in medical field.This field was the first one to begin the research and practice of evidence-based medicine under the guidance of this idea,and after that,the Evidence-Based theory was born.Subsequently,its applied range extended from field of medical to the one of management,psychology,pedagogy and so on.Among them,the application in police field is an important theoretical achievement of Evidence-Based theory.In addition,Evidence-Based investigation was a bold move that to apply Evidence-Based theory into investigation field,this deepened and developed the Evidence-Based theory and Evidence-Based policing theory in this field.Under the guidance of Evidence-Based thoery and methods,the United States has carried out a number of police measures,such as initiating local research cooperation projects actively,evaluating interventions and developing the basic technology of police informations and so on,which played an important role in innovating,guidancing,interconnecting in American policing reform.However,there are some distances between the research theory widely acceptance and application,as well as between research theory applicaiton and it to be frequently,widely,systematically used.Therefore,in practice,the problems of Evidence-Based awareness deficiency,limited operation and evaluation function and so on are obviously.In conclusion,carrying out Evidence-Based investigation in our country is necessary and feasible.At present,the Urgent demand of Comprehensively deepening reform of public security,the development of the concept of proactive policing,and the necessary of reducing the cost of investigation in our country urgently need us to launch Evidence-Based investigation and practice.At the same time,the rapid development of China's police information technology,as well as the development of Evidence-Based and the openning of Evidence-Based practice has laid the foundation for developing Evidence-Based investigation in China.In a word,China already has met the requirements to carry out the Evidence-Based investigation.The construction of Evidence-Based investigation system should be systematic,comprehensive and rational.We can start with the following five aspects : the relationship among the elements,the operation procedure,the intervention measures,the evaluation methods and Cultural structure.The construction of the relationship among the elements of Evidence-Based investigation needs us to make clear its four basic elements which are Investigation behavior,practice environment,high quality scientific research achievement and best evidence and also needs us to make clear the different levels of evidences which formed by them.As for the operation procedure,we should follow the logic thinking as below : problems finding,evidence generation,evidence evaluation,evidence reaction and effect evaluation.Building the construction of Evidence-Based investigation intervention matrix should based on three typical aspects,which are the type of investigation target,the specificity of the investigation mechanism,and the initiative level of investigation.This can directly and visually display the level of large sample investigation behavior,as for comprehensive evaluation of the investigation effect,it can helps to mark it into obviously,very obviously,not obniously,or counteractive.Those investigation intervention matrix and evaluation which mentioned above,provide an effective assessment and antransformation tool for police work so that we can evaluate the police work and police officers by quantifying the abstract policing work based on evidence inducting and gathering statistics.The design and application of evaluation method in Evidence-Based investigation are very important.At present,Voting Scoring,Systematic Evaluation and Meta Analysis are the three widely used one.Only by knowing well its scientific connotation and methods to reduce the negative impact of its own limitations can we promote to build the construction of Evidence-Based investigation.About the last aspect,cultural structure,it is imperceptible.Although it can not be immediate,it is the key to promote the change of investigation work form from empirical basis to the evidence based.Specifically,we can realize to build the cultural structure by building culture of police organization,promote the best decision thinking,establish the frontline police consciousness and so on.The enlightenment of Evidence-Based investigation research worth pondering.Paying more attemtion and encourage the use of evidence based theory and evidence based approach,enhancing international exchanges and cooperation in theory and practice,solving the problem of the transformation between Evidence based theory and approach in China's criminal investigation,and creating conditions for quantitative and empirical research and so on are the direction we need to continue to work hard.The transformation and development of ideology are usually more difficult than the reform of the system and the transformation of objects,and they also need more time.As a reform of police thought,the idea of Evidence-Based investigation needs more of our patience and effort.About building the construction of Evidence-Based investigation in the future,there is much still remains to be done.