Research On The Effect And Countermeasures Of Social Security For "Sea-losing" Fishermen

Fishermen are a social group living on the sea and are based on the water and tidal flat for their survival since ancient times.For a long time,fishermen have made important contributions on safeguarding China’s marine rights and interests,building vegetable basket projects and supplying for urban and rural residents with fish.In the early period of reform and opening,China’s fisheries developed rapidly,and the income level of the fishermen were almost equal to the urban residents.But,with the signing of the China and Japanese,China and Korea and China and Vietnam new fisheries agreements,the national marine development strategy was constantly advancing,making the traditional fishing operation ground of the fishermen was further reduced in our country.At the same time,the construction of marine engineering projects,such as embankment dam and reclamation,have been becoming an important way to alleviate the tension contradiction of land resources supply and demand and to develop the port industry and other marine industries.While large-scale reclamation and high intensity exploitation and utilization of marine activities are bringing economic benefits and promoting regional development,on the one hand,the traditional professional aquaculture beach and water area are reduced,on the other hand,the habitat of marine biological resources are seriously damaged leading to the basic data of fishermen production and life lost.The fishermen lost the sea and lost their jobs,posing a serious threat to the survival of fishermen who lived on the sea for generations.The much more serious problems are that the “sea-losing” fishermen were small number of groups and lacked of social influence,who had been in the marginal status of society for a long time,and also the government and the society have a limited attention on it,and are excluded from the social security system,their basic rights and interests can not be guaranteed,leaving a security hidden danger to the harmonious stability of the society.In the face of the actual situation of "sea-losing",the coastal regions have made a corresponding attempt.Policies such as employment,pension,medical care and minimum living security for “sea-losing” fishermen have been introduced,and have achieved some results.But it is undeniable that there are still a lot of shortcomings in the social security of the "sea-losing" fishermen.There are a series of problems,such as the low level of social security is difficulty to meet the basic needs of " sea-losing" fishermen;There is a cognitive difference between the government and the "sea-losing" fishermen,resulting in poor implementation of the policy.Policy formulation is top-down,and there is a lack of participation in the "sea-losing" fishermen’s community.In view of the current problems in the field of social security for “sea-losing” fishermen,this paper starts from the reality of China’s current social,political,and economic development,discussing the necessity and feasibility of social security for “sea-losing” fishermen under existing conditions and combed existing social security policies.On this basis,taking Zhoushan,a typical fishing area in China,as an example,through the empirical analysis of Zhoushan city,this paper evaluates and analyzes the implementation effect of social security for “sea-losing” fishermen at present,and on the basis of discussing and solving the social security problems of “sea-losing” fishermen in Zhoushan city,summed up a set of effective measures aimed at improving "sea-losing" fishermen social security system and protecting the "sea-losing" fishermen.