Study On The Effect Of Population Age Structure To The Service Consumption Structure Of Urban And Rural Residents

Since the reform and opening up, China's economy has maintained rapid growth,the average rate of economic growth in recent years has reached 10%, but consumption rate is declining. In the context of China's high economic growth rate and low consumption rate, the author notes the service consumption of total consumption expenditure has increased year by year, from 1998 to 2013, the proportion of urban residents from 32.8% to 46.2%, for rural residents, the proportion roses from 20.2% to 31.3%, indicating that modern people with income increased levels of increasingly focused on quality of life, boost household consumption of services in the current situation of insufficient domestic demand is necessary.Meanwhile, the one-child policy has changed the age structure of the population,leading to child population's declining, lack of labor force, the elderly population continues to increase, exacerbating the problem of aging, people of different ages have different spending habits, the transform of population age structure will inevitably lead to changes in consumption structure changes, causing a number of social problems, so this paper will research the question from the viewpoint of the population age structure, it has important practical significance to speed up the optimization and upgrading of consumption structure, promote stable and sustainable economic growth.Theoretical analysis and empirical analysis, structural analysis and comparative analysis of the relationship between the resident population age structure and services between urban and rural consumption structure were applied in this paper. First,sorting out the related consumption theory and literatures, and the influence mechanism between both of them, and then to analyze the current situation on the structure of the population of urban and rural residents in the age and service consumption structure. Finally, using GMM model for empirical research, come to the conclusion and put forward the corresponding policy recommendations. Studies have shown that:(1) consumption structure of urban and rural residents to enjoy the service gradually to shift from subsistence type, service more and more diversified consumer demand, and the difference between urban and rural areas and urban-rural interior large;(2)children's population, dependency ratio for urban transport and communications, miscellaneous commodities and services, health care family services and rural residents, miscellaneous goods and services, transport and communicationspositive impact on the health of urban residents, eating out, and education and entertainment have negative effect on rural education and entertainment is not significant;(3) the elderly dependency ratio has a positive impact on health care and rural residents of urban transport and communication, health care and education and entertainment, outside of urban residents meals, transportation and communications,miscellaneous goods and services, family services and rural residents of miscellaneous goods and services, have a negative impact on education and entertainment affect urban residents was not significant.From the perspective of the demographic characteristics of the population age structure into service consumption structure model, empirically tested the influence of children dependency ratio and the elderly dependency ratio for each category of service consumption structure, and based on the research conclusion is put forward a series of targeted policy recommendations to help boost household consumption of services from the perspective of the age structure of the population, expanding domestic demand, promote the optimization and upgrading of consumption structure.