The Comparison Of Synthetic Evaluation In Universities Between China And America

With the development of higher education, extensive attention from modern society has been focused on the institutes conducting higher education and scientific research. It is urgent for the government, institutes of higher education and the whole society including students and parents to grasp the information reflect the quality of colleges and universities. As a consequence, more and more researches have focused on the university comprehensive evaluation. However, the present domestic researches mainly focused on the evaluation system of universities and neglected the comparison of different systems. Considering the trend of diversification of the evaluation systems, this study aims to find out the problems of domestic university comprehensive evaluation systems and seek for the strategy to solve the problems through investigating different evaluation systems systematically and selecting the American evaluation systems as references.By means of literature research, historical research and comparative study, this work analyzed the actual situation of the university comprehensive evaluation systems of China and America. Based on the theoretical basis of university evaluation and the actual situation, university comprehensive evaluations have been divided into three types, which are university certification, university ranking, and self-evaluation. Through the systematic analysis of the historical evolution of the university comprehensive evaluation of China and America, university certifications, university rankings, and self-evaluations from China and America were investigated thoroughly from the view of value orientation, evaluation subject, evaluation content and evaluation methods. At last, the differences of the university comprehensive evaluations of China and America have been concluded from the aspects of value orientation, evaluation subject, evaluation content and evaluation methods and the origins of the differences have been analyzed as well as that enlightenments and advices have been discussed.Through the systematic analysis and comparison of the university comprehensive evaluations of China and America, it has been found out that the differences lie in four aspects. For the aspect of value orientation, America tends to take the evaluations as instruments and guided by individual value orientation, as for China, the evaluations are guided by social value orientation and treated as target. For the aspect of evaluation subject, it is the society in America but government in China. For the evaluation content, American evaluations mainly focus on people with obvious idea of people orients and evaluations in our country focus on social influence and academic achievements. Evaluation methods adopted by America are various, and by China, they are uniform and standard. Based on these, the author suggests that our university comprehensive evaluations should be guided by proper individual value orientation, establish an evaluation mode with different subjects to build, manage and evaluate universities, take both the academic achievements and people orients as evaluation subjects and complete the collection and application of the evaluation methods and data.