The Research Of Problems And Countermeasures In The Land-lost Farmers Vocational Training

Recently, under the modern urbanization and accelerated urban-rural integration, the problem of land-lost farmers has become increasingly prominent. Losing their lands, a large number of farmers fail in the career change, on their own, because of the improper placement as well as their low level of education and skills. Moreover, it could further result in the adverse impact on local economy and social stability. Therefore, a great importance should be attached to the improvement of farmer's professional skills, which would significantly help them to achieve better employment. In this sense, it is of great practical significance to conduct this empirical study by case, analyzing the status and appeal of vocational training of farmers, and finally putting forward the suggestions.First of all, this study explores the specific needs of vocational training of farmers in China at the present stage. In the aspect of economic demands, carrying out the career training adapts to the requirement of rural industry transformation, productivity improvement and surplus labor transfer:in the aspect of social demands, achieving oriented career training also meets the requirement of social harmony and modern development; in the aspect of personal demands, by receiving training, landless farmers can continue to live on their own, or even upgrading life quality, and enjoy the better career training from society.Secondly, this study, through the questionnaires and interviews, revealed the status of the vocational training of farmers, and pointed out the problems and deficiencies. Compared with the situation before losing land, the annual income of landless farmers almost remains the same; the main income source, however, changes a little. The most obvious difference is that the number of aquaculture practitioners has reduced 7.5%, while the number of industrial employees, town workers, local servers and the self-employed fluctuates little with a small number of them unemployed. In the aspect of awareness of career training, the landless farmers showed their strong motivation to participate, preference about practical training project, and strong willingness to engage, although the outcome of training needs to be improved. In the aspect of satisfaction of vocational training, apart from the free cost, the farmers have quite low satisfaction on the remaining fields.Additionally, this study further analyzes the real demand of vocational training from farmers. In the aspect of training willingness, most farmers hope the government could continue to hold the career training oriented to them; in the aspect of training concentration, they focus on the training costs and training content, but ignore the other important parts, which would actually impact the training quality most; in the aspect of training content, they favor the professional practical technology as well as self-employment skills; in the aspect of training locations, they prefer to participating the training in their own village or in neighborhood; in the aspect of training formation, most of them are more willing to be educated by a variety of ways on spot, while other practitioners may have different preferences of training ways; in the aspect of training time, they are more prone to the training project within a period of short time, say, one month, half a month, or even within 10 days; finally, in the aspect of training organizations, government and colleges oriented to career are the main choices for landless farmers, but this is closely related to the lack of training resources, and few opportunities from other channels. On the basis of demand analysis, this study reached 4 conclusions:the peasants always disregarded the elements concerning the quality of vocational training; practicality is the core principle of career training for farmers; differences in individual characteristics should be taken serious consideration while the classification; current conditions of vocational training are unable to satisfy the diverse training needs from farmers.Last but not least, the study, oriented to the demand, put forward a series of suggestions about vocational training of farmers. In the aspect of training management, it is advocated to unite multiple training organizations, establish the collaboration mode, build the complete training network system, constitute the pragmatic "training+employment" service platform and construct a library of faculty resources; in the aspect of teaching, it is encouraged to design the practical training courses with flexible time and diverse of training ways; in the aspect of training quality monitoring, it is favored to develop a series of unified training criteria and establish a mechanism for the impartial evaluation; in the aspect of continuity, it is recommended to strengthen the government as the main choice of the organization, while keep financing from multiple other channels, as well as completing the sound system of funding.