The Research On Over-Education Of The Highly Educated Employees In China

Education can promote the overall development of people and the prosperity of the economy,and then improve the quality of the people,and realize the progress of the society.Since the reform and opening up,the education of our country has been gradually developing and expanding.However,the unbalanced distribution of human resources in the labor market,the job requirements of the various departments and industries to the employees,leading to the occurrence of the phenomenon of over-education,and become more and more serious.This paper studies the phenomenon of the over-education in the highly educated employees,and judges whether the employees are over-educators according to their educational level and the educational level required by their occupation.In order to get a clearer understanding of the trend of over-education in recent years,this paper uses the data of Chinese General Social Survey(CGSS)which was released from 2003 to 2013 to measure the over-education status of highly educated investigators from four aspects:personal characteristics,regional characteristics,employer types and industry types.Ologit regression model is established to analyze the impact of individual characteristics,employer types and industry types on over-education.In addition,this paper also uses the Quantile regression model to study the impact of over-education on the income of highly educated employees.Through the above study and analysis,the following conclusions are drawn:(1)There are significant differences in personal characteristics,regional characteristics,employer types and industry types of the over-education of the highly educated employees.The results show that over-educators tend to be younger;the proportion of over-education in female employees is higher than that in male employees;the proportion of over-education in the eastern region is higher than that in the central region and the western region;among different types of employers,the phenomenon of the over-education of the highly educated employees in the corporates is the most serious.In all industries,the phenomenon of over-education in industries of circulation department is more serious.(2)Among the influencing factors of over-education,the longer the education years are,the higher the possibility of over-education is;the longer the working years are,the less likely the over-education is;Relative to circulation industry,the possibilities of over-education in service industry such as financial industry,science,education,culture and health industry are larger.(3)The level of over-education has a negative impact on the income of the employed.Compared with the mildly over-educators and the moderately over-educators,the income level of the severe over-educators is the lowest.