Public School Reform:a Study On The History Of Magnet Schools In The USA

Magnet school is a kind of public school,the goal of it is to promote racial integration.In addition,magnet school has characteristic courses and teaching methods,attracting many students of different school districts and races.The presence of magnet school is a great event in American education history,and it makes great contributions to American compulsory education.This paper focuses on "the development history of magnet school".including introduction,main body and conclusion.The introduction explains the causes of selected topic,defines the concept of magnet school,and summarizes the research status.In addition,it also identifies the key and difficult points,research innovations and the methods.The first chapter studies the initial stage of the magnet school(1968-1975).Calls for racial integration,the rise of new liberalism education,and problems of public schools,they are all the reasons that stimulate the born of magnet school.So,the first magnet school in the USA was born in 1968,opening the development history.During this period,it developed very slowly and the type of school borrowed from the early characteristic school.The second chapter studies the development stage of the magnet school(1975-1985).In 1975,the Morgan Kaili Lawsuit Case admitted the official statue of magnet schools in promoting racial integration.In 1976,the magnet school received a grant support from School Emergency Assistance Act.After that,it developed very rapidly.By 1981,138 school districts had set up 1,019 magnet schools,attracting more than 44,100 students.During this period,the magnet school also organized a variety of meetings to strengthen communication and cooperation among them.So this period could be regarded as a relatively mature stage.The third chapter studies the prosperity stage of the magnet school(1985-2002).As the first special act,the Magnet School Assistance Program named after "magnet school" was put into practice in 1985,improving its status and stimulating its development.Besides,Magnet School of America,a national administration organization,came into being in this stage in order to manage it well toward a more scientific direction.The fourth chapter studies the adjustment stage of magnet school(after 2002).In 2002,America issued No Child Left Behind Act,advocating "parental choice",and leading the new direction of elementary and secondary education.In 21st century,magnet school is facing a tremendous challenge from charter schools,decrease in finance from the government and anti-magnet school movement.In order to deal with these challenges,the magnet school has put forward the new strategies in the aspect of national policy,fund support,the reform of magnet school and so on.The conclusion part studies the development process of the magnet school.Firstly,it summarizes the evolution of the magnet school's ideas,numbers,types and funds.Secondly,it expounds the influence of breaking the barrier of the school district,promoting racial integration,improving the quality of education,and increasing the effective choice of schools.Finally,it summarizes the secrets of the magnet school's success and provides an international perspective for Chinese schools.