The Effect Of Resistance And Endurance Training On Redox And Satellite Cell Proliferation In Skeletal MuSCle In SD Rats

The mass of skeletal MuSCle in whole body weight is about 40 percent.Skeletal MuSCle is not only the prior energy supply station,but also the key situation of physical metabolism,which maintains the normal MuSCular contraction and physiological function.This is an important precondition to ganrantee physical fitness.The major method to improve skeletal MuSCle function is to product equitable exercise training,but it's not fully clear of the biological mechanisms recently.Generally,supposing that skeletal MuSCle's adaptation to exercise training is related to skeletal MuSCle satellite cells.The activation of skeletal MuSCle satellite cells is probably the reason of the exercise training brought the local MuSCular delicate damage,maybe due to the increasing level of imflammatory factors and cytokines induced by exercise training.No matter what the progress is,this is all based on the condition of the acute changes in skeletal MuSCle redox state.Exercise will lead to the changes of NAD+ content,which influences the SIRT1 activity.SIRT1 plays a significant role on the organism redox receptors.We need to do the further investigations of whether the exercise training causes the alteration of skeletal MuSCle redox state and promotes the downstream incident of SIRT1 adapative converts.Objective:The research is aimed to discuss the effects of resistant and aerobic training on the skeletal MuSCle satellite cells proliferation.And to study the instrict relations between skeletal MuSCle redox and skeletal MuSCle satellite cells proliferation,for providing theory and data supports of exploring the effective training approaches to impove the skeletal MuSCle remodeling and promote the skeletal MuSCle homeostasis.Methods:24 male SD rats aged 4 weeks and 178.66(g)were randomly divided into 3 groups:quiet control group(C,N=8),aerobic exercise training group(A,N=8),and resistance exercise training group(R,N=8).The rats in group A on the animal run stage of aerobic exercise,3 times per week,30min/times,speed is 9m/min;the rats in group R were ladder training by tail weight,3 times/week,3/time,3 times/30-60s group,each batch,each batch of 2-3min;rats were trained for 6 weeks and Saturday Sunday rest.After the training,rats were weighed and anesthetized,and the intact gastrocnemius muscle was removed quickly.The gastrocnemius muscle of Elisa NADH detection in the total content of NAD and Real-time;using PCR technique to detect the gastrocnemius muscle tissue Nampt,Sirtl,P53,P21,MyoD,Myf5,Myogenin,MSTN,Pax7,mRNA;protein level by Western blotting detection of gastrocnemius muscle tissue Nampt,Sirtl,P53,Acetyl-P53,P21,MyoD,MSTN,Pax7.Results:(1)Compared with C group,A group of rats after 6 weeks of training of gastrocnemius muscle weight,SMI value had no significant change(P>0.05),body weight after 6 weeks training,the rats in R group were significantly increased(P<0.05),gastrocnemius muscle SMI value had no significant change(P>0.05);compared with the A group.The rats in group R after 6 weeks of training weight significantly increased(P<0.01),gastrocnemius muscle SMI value had no significant change(P>0.05).(2)Compared with the C group,the gastrocnemius muscle of rats in R group in P53 and P21 mRNA levels were significantly reduced(P<0.05),MSTN mRNA levels were significantly lowered(P<0.01);compared with group A,group R in rat gastrocnemius muscle MSTN mRNA levels were significantly lowered(P<0.01).(3)Compared with the C group,the protein level of A rats in the gastrocnemius muscle of Nampt increased significantly(P<0.05),the protein level of the gastrocnemius muscle of rats in group R were significantly increased in SIRT1(P<0.05).The protein level of P53 and Acetyl-P53 significantly decreased(P<0.05),the protein level of Pax7 was significantly reduced(P<0.01).(4)Compared with C group,A group of rats in the gastrocnemius muscle of the relative content of NAD total increased significantly(P<0.01),while no significant change in the ratio of NAD+/NADH(P>0.05),gastrocnemius muscle of R rats in NAD+/NADH were significantly increased(P<0.05),the NAD+/NAD total ratio were significantly increased(P<0.01),and the relative content of NAD+ and NAD total had no significant change(P>0.05);compared with A group,the gastrocnemius muscle of rats in R group relative to the content of NAD total decreased significantly(P<0.01),the NAD+/NAD total ratio increased significantly(P<0.05).Conclusion:(1)The activity of SIRT1 is mainly controlled by NAD+/NADH rather than NAD+ content.(2)Resistance exercise training can effectively activate skeletal muscle satellite cells and promote their proliferation and differentiation.(3)Resistance exercise,by altering the redox level in the muscle cells,leads to adaptive changes in the downstream cellular events regulated by SIRT1.