| The Chinese traditional society is based on agriculture,all the rulers of the past dynasties had paid much attention to the important role of agricultural production in national governance and social stability.Chinese rulers had taught people the skill of sowing and reaping during the pre-Qin period,then the first agricultural heyday appeared in Han Dynasty,and rulers of Tang Dynasty had encouraged farming.All of these history events have showed that agricultural production had played an important role in national governance.In the light of the importance of agriculture in traditional societies,this paper is based on specific agricultural production in the Hani villages,and it is divided into five chapters to display the everyday life of villagers and their modern changes with the farming rhythm as the core.Through the description of specific regional spatial structure and farming seasons in Mili Village,the first chapter of this article has drawn up the agricultural production activities of Hani villages by the time system of village season change.Combined with the farming arrangement of villagers on terraces,this chapter also has shown the collective farming scenes of the Hani people in Mili Village.From the personal level,the second chapter has drawn up the agricultural cooperation in terrace cropping,including the borrowing of farm tools for tillage,harvesting,transportation,processing etc.,which were needed for farming Hani terraced fields,and reciprocal interactions of traditional village cooperation like work assistant,labour exchanging,recruiting,Da Tao,and so forth.Based on the village level,the third chapter has drawn up the development management for terrace cropping,including reclamation,renovation,water management,and so on.Through the description of ceremonies and festivals associated with the terrace farming,the forth chapter has drawn up spiritual beliefs related to terrace farming.Thereinto,farmland rituals include Ji Long,Turn on Seedling Door and Turn off Seedling Door,Ji Tian,and so on,and festivals associated with farming include Spring Festival,Torch Festival,Hibernation,and so forth.Combined the contents of the previous chapters,the last chapter has drawn up the transmutation of everyday life in the Hani village,including agricultural modernization,the formation and influence of diversified economy structure,the intercourses with labor as capital under the impact of market economy,the manageable combination between new village autonomous organization and comprehensive governance of grass-roots government,the succession of agricultural knowledge in the new era,and so on.Based on the field investigation,this paper can be divided into two parts.The first part of this paper includes the first four chapters,it has mainly described the terrace farming life of the traditional Hani villages.Through the analysis of terrace farming in Hani villages which includes terrace cultivation,cooperation,stipulations,beliefs,and so forth,the first part of this paper has analyzed the Hani everyday life which has centered on farming.The second part of this paper is equal to the last chapter.Taking farmland as a stage,it has depicted the everyday life evolution which has centered on the change of terrace farming.From the perspective of folklore,this paper wants to present the traditions and changes of terrace farming by the description of life process of Hani people in Mili village,which is based on terrace agriculture,and briefly discuss the village order based on agricultural production in the traditional villages,thus further demonstrate the villagers' tension and vitality in the village everyday life,and carry forward the folklore case study of everyday life. |
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