A Study Of The History Of Science In Chemistry Textbooks Based On The View Of Scientific Nature

Since the middle and later period in the 1980 s,in the reform plan of western science education represented by 2016 Plan of America,National Science and Education Standard as well as Science in National Course of England,they all regard scientific literacy as center target.While Course Standard of High School Chemistry in China points out: chemistry course in high school aims at enhancing scientific literacy of students.In the new course reform,scientific literacy has become to be the main target of chemistry course reform.Knowing science nature has important meanings whether for people understanding science and knowledge system or forming perfect science value and higher scientific literacy.Meanwhile,in the traditional teaching model,teachers usually rely on textbook in the process of lecturing;therefore,textbook presentation on science nature has become to be the main channel of science nature teaching.This research uses science history case of chemistry textbook in high school as analysis object and makes analysis on detailed condition of science nature presentation under the new course reform of 2001 in China.Researchers make analysis on science history case of chemistry textbook in high school,they choose analysis structure of science nature established by Abd-El-Khalick in 2008,and makes grade on science nature from 10 aspects such as demonstration,inference,creativity,theory driven,temporary,scientific method,scientific theory,scientific law,social identity,social culture.This research chooses principle of grading by many people on credibility of research analysis,the grading process is completed together by writer,thesis instructor as well as college teachers engage in chemistry education research,so that it can guarantee scientificalness of data.On research method,it adopts content analysis method,emphasizes at quality and quantity analysis,but uses quality analysis as the main method and presents analysis result by way of quantization,directly presents differences of 3 sets of chemistry textbooks on presentation of chemistry textbook in high school.It hopes that students can further learn implementation condition of science nature in chemistry textbook in high school through analysis and summary,and used as reference for course revision and reform in the future.Research result find the following:At present,the presentation degree on science nature in high school textbook in China is universally low,the attention situation on 10 aspects of science nature is different,the grade of demonstration and temporality is the highest,these 2 aspects mainly involve with science nature emphasized by logical positivism,while social and social culture have the lowest grade,science nature opinion of these 2 items mainly derive from school of historism,it stresses integrating cultural and social factor in the science and regards science history from humanism,while science method has the lowest grade among all the science nature.This paper uses principle and method of education statistics and makes double data sample T test on science nature grade in 3 sets of textbooks,in level of ?=0.15,science nature presentation of 3 sets of textbooks has obvious difference.Of which,high school chemistry textbook published by People Education Press puts forward science nature is obviously higher than Jiangsu Education Press,high school chemistry textbook published by Jiangsu Education Press puts forward science nature is obviously higher than that of Shandong Science Press.Through research,this paper puts forward 3 teaching strategies and 2 research suggestion of cultivating science nature:(1)On choice of high school chemistry textbook,school can choose textbook according to real characteristics of students and talents cultivation target.(2)In the process of teaching implementation,teachers on the frontline make optimization processing on teaching content according to connotation of science nature.(3)On cultivating scientific literacy of students,it can refer to 10 aspects put forward by Abd-El-Khalick to strengthen description and introduction of science nature,which is favorable to enhance attention of students on science nature.(4)It is suggested adding literal description of science nature in the future textbook reform,strengthening attention on social and cultural nature as well as on science method.(5)It is suggested further enlarging research object,expanding research problem,applying innovation tools and data processing way to make deepen comparison and analysis.The innovations of this research lies in adopting 10 aspects of science nature analysis structure established by Abd-El-Khalick in 2008,it makes quality and quantity analysis on high school chemistry textbook,it applies methodology into analysis of chemistry textbook for the first time and presents analysis result by way of quantization,which can make readers have more direct cognition on science nature level of high school chemistry textbook in China.