History Of Middle School Geography Textbooks To Reflect The Nature Of Science

History, philosophy and sociology of science (HPS) is an important subject in the science education field nowadays. Its main purpose is to improve the students' understanding of the essence of science by education of history of science, which includes HPS. History of science in textbooks is an important carrier of launching education of the essence of science and reflecting HPS. Along with the study of HPS and science essence theory in contemporary education circle, the paper analyses the reflection of science essence in the middle school textbooks of different times and editions in China. The result of the essay could be used to help teachers choose some select textbooks and as a reference for geography textbook editors to improve the edition in future.Based on analyzing great amounts of related papers, this essay clears up the study of HPS and science essence theory in contemporary education circle and analyzed the theory frame of the history of geo-science in middle school textbooks, firstly. Secondly, based on the study methods and achievements of scholars domestic and abroad, this paper establishes content analysis as the main study method. Finally, from three aspects of science knowledge, science research process and science culture, and their sixteen subcategories, this essay compiles the statistics and discusses the characteristic of the reflection of science essence which was reflected by the history of geo-science in middle school textbooks.The main conclusions of the paper are as follows:1.06 PEP Chu has the most counting units in junior middle school textbooks and 03 Zhongtu Chu has the least.06 Xiangjiao Gao has the most counting units in senior middle school textbooks and 08 PEP Gao has the least. From the amount aspect, the counting unit in senior middle school textbooks is a little more than in junior textbooks and there is no clear difference between old and new versions.2. The history of geo-science in textbooks of each edition all reflects the three aspects of science essence and the science knowledge is the most reflected aspect. From the science knowledge aspect, junior middle school geology textbooks emphasize the importance of accumulation and in senior middle school textbooks, the importance is emphasized on limitation; from science research process aspect, junior middle school geology textbooks emphasize the importance of creative, public and confirmative and in senior middle school textbooks, the importance is emphasized on Logical Consequences; from science culture aspect, both textbooks emphasize subjective and interrogative, instead of ethics and morality.3. There is no column of the history of geo-science in all the textbooks. Most of the history of geo-science is not in the main body.4. Compared to the previous version, the amount of science history in present textbooks is not sharply increased, however, the quality of reflecting the essence of science get a great promotion.