A Study On Family Reproductive Costs And Its Influencing Factors In Chongqing Under The Background Of Two Children

Since the 1890 s,China's implementation of family planning policy has achieved initial results,basicly stop the population from growing too fast,less per capita possession of resources,deterioration of population and environment,demographic structure unreasonable and other tensions.China's population type gradually turn into the modern type,at the same time there are still many promblems,such as population aging,low fertility rate,demographic dividend gradually decline and so on.In this regard,the thirteenth session of the Eighteenth Central Committee of 2013 put forward the "two separate children" policy,that mesns couples who have only one child are allowed to have two children.Then,in October 2015,the Fifth Plenary Session of the Eighth Central Committee announced the release of the only child control,the implementation of "comprehensive two children" fertility policy.However,the population problem is still grim,the total population born in 2015 was 16.55 million,a decrease of 320,000 from 2014.The introduction of the policy of "comprehensive two children" not only means the end of the "one-child policy" era,but also shoulder the deployment of our population healthy development of the arduous mission,more importantly,make the couples of childbearing age began to face "fertility two children" and "Family fertility cost" choice balance.To this end,this study relies on the policy of "comprehensive two children" background,based on family fertility costs and their influencing factors,trying to find the impact of family fertility factors,the cost of family fertility and fertility decision-making between couples relationship.In this study,350 people of Chongqing and 15 families of childbearing age were studied by means of literature research,self-administered questionnaire survey and case-based case study in Chongqing city.First of all,the establishment of the "cost ofthe family cost of economic factors is the most important factor affecting fertility decision-making," the total assumption and five sub-assumptions;Secondly,the family as an organizational unit,cost-benefit family and personal life cycle of the theoretical framework,Thirdly,through the empirical investigation,the study of different types of families on the reproductive cost of the views,as well as gender,education,whether the couple is the only child,fertility and family income levels and other factors on the family fertility of the family fertility Cost.Finally,through the case study of different fertility type family,the connotation of family fertility cost is deepened and refined.This study draws the following conclusions,but also validates all the assumptions:First,the economic cost is the most important factor affecting family fertility decision-making;Second,different fertility type family in making birth decision-making when considering the cost factors are different;Is the gender,only child,education level,fertility status and family income level is an important factor affecting the cost of childbearing.According to the conclusion,the countermeasures are raised from the aspects of government level,social level,individual level and enterprise level,which can provide reference and help for the whole country to raise the fertility rate of the population,to protect the rights of the two children 's fertility and share the cost of childbirth.