| Barrage originated from Japan's popular Niconico online video website. In 2008,barrage have spread into China. Although it was popular in ACG (Animation, Comic,and Game) areas after 2014, it was rarely applied to instructional video. The online instructional video played an important role in online learning resources. However,the separation of time and space of online instructional video led to the lack of communication between teachers-students and students-students, and high drop-out rates. Then, this study focused on the commentary timeliness, anonymity, strong interaction, high social presence of barrage, and tried to apply this new medium into online learning via video and explored its effect on learners' learning effectiveness.Firstly, this study proposed the research issues by discussing online learning problems and extending barrage rise. Secondly, this study explored the behavior and purpose of learners' use of barrage. The current work is an initial investigation into the use of barrage to deliver online video instruction. In this study, two experiments were conducted to explore the impacts. Combined with the existing research, this study tried to discuss how the barrage could be effectively applied to the online learning.In the first study, learners learned on TUCAO video website, and then the author collected data by questionnaire. And the author analyzed whether students were willing to use the barrage. This study explored the ratio of students use the three kinds of behavior (open, close, occasionally open and occasionally close) and also comparative explored the effect of learners' cognitive load, learning satisfaction,social presence, and learning performance of three behaviors. The conclusion were as follows: (1) Most students were willing to use the barrage. (2) The learner's social presence of opening barrage is higher than closing barrage.The second study is carry out on basis of the first study. First of all, learners learned on TUCAO, and then the author collected data through the questionnaire method, interview method and so on. On the one hand, the analysis of the barrage use and purpose of learners and self-evaluation learning efficiency. On the other hand,comparatively examined the effect of learners' cognitive load, learning satisfaction,social presence, and learning effectiveness of three behaviors in three barrage -based conditions: online instructional video with five related to video material barrages of teachers versus online instructional video with five independent of video material barrages of teachers versus online instructional video without teachers' barrage. And the author compared the impact of learners' cognitive load, learning satisfaction,social presence, and learning performance between field-independent and field-dependent learners. The conclusions were as follows: (1) Online instructional video with related to video material barrage of teachers was better than online instructional video with five independent of video material barrages of teachers on learners' learning satisfaction, social presence and learning performance; (2) Online instructional video with related to video material barrage of teachers was higher than online instructional video with five independent of video material barrages of teachers and online instructional video without teachers' barrage on learners' cognitive load; (3)Online instructional video with related to video material barrage of teachers was better than online instructional video without teachers' barrage on learners' learning satisfaction; (4) The learner's cognitive load of field-independent learners were lower than that of field-dependent learners on online instructional video without teachers'barrage.Based on the above research, this study suggests that transmission barrage which is related with instructional content enhance students' learning satisfaction, social presence and learning performance and so on. This study explored some methods how effectively use barrage in the online learning, and proposed several advice of using barrage, such as the amount of barrage on screen and the type and content of teachers'barrage. However, there are still some shortages in this study. For instance,participants was not grouped according to the initial ability. These will be improved in future studies. |
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