Reserch On The Cultivation Of Juniors' Reasoning Ability In Science Teaching

Capability training is an important and arduous task of the times,more and more educators and experts pay their attention to the capability training because of it's urgency. This paper tries to make a preliminary study on student's reasoning capability training, It combines the juniors thinking development and the characteristics of science subject.The paper contains five parts:Firstly, this part introduces the background and significance of researching. It discusses the feasibility of improving juniors reasoning capabilities in science subject, and analyses the current situation of reasoning capability, determines the method and idea of the paper according to the shortage of current states.Secondly, this part makes some research on the theory of Psychology and Logic. Meanwhile, it uses the theory of Logic to classify defined the reasoning method, and using psychology theory from the point view of thinking to analyse the reasoning process. These theories lay the foundation for the practice of this paper.Thirdly, the author chooses some reasoning method which is suitable for juniors according to their thinking development and the feature of science subject. And the author makes research on the application and operation of these methods in science teaching content.Fourthly, this part is the focus of this paper, it mainly makes a practical research on the cultivation of reasoning capability. At first, the author chooses two classes with the same basic situation as the experimental subjects in the grade eight, the author compiles two examination paper for the pre-test and posttest according to the theory of physics capability measurements and science teaching content, two tests is arranged for beginning and the end of the experiment respectively.Then, based on the same teaching in control class, the author conducts a series of teaching experiments to improve the capability of reasoning in experimental class,the author uses "covariance method" and "syllogism"as a specific case during teaching process, to improve the experimental student's reasoning capability. At last, the author makes a grading standard for two tests and count the data, analyses the data by using"Excel" and "Educational measurement tool". The author finds, there is no difference in reasoning capability between experimental class and control class at pre-test. But there is huge difference between two classes at posttest ,and experimental class is better than control class.Fifthly, this part draws a conclusion: The reasoning capability ofjuniors can be cultivated, it can be improved in junior science teaching process, the author's practice in improving junior student's reasoning capability is effective. Meanwhile, discusses the shortage of this paper,and raises some problems which should be further research.