A Study On Factors Influencing Engagement Of Universities With Industry Background In University-Industry Knowledge Transfer In China

From the practical level,it is essential to strengthen university-industry interaction for carrying out the strategy of innovation-driven development.Compared to innovative countries in which university-industry interaction is obviously increasing,the interaction in China is still not sufficient and has certain gap with those countries.How to improve university-industry interaction in China? This problem is taken seriously all the time by the government in China.And a series of measures that have been put forward and carried out also prove it.And then,from the theoretical level,research on university-industry knowledge transfer is the hotspot and key point in the field of innovation.Scholars study this subject mainly from the views including the channels,ways,mechanisms,motivations,influencing factors of university-industry knowledge transfer and so on.However,it is still necessary to study this problem from other views.This article concentrates on one core problem that is to find factors influencing engagement of universities with industry background in university-industry knowledge transfer in China.Based on microcosmic body of universities who work on university-industry knowledge transfer,who are universities' researchers,we construct a theoretical framework which is made up of channels,ways and influencing factors of university-industry knowledge transfer.This paper identifies three types of channels of university-industry knowledge transfer according to the specific situation of university-industry knowledge transfer in China,which are academic engagement,commercialization and human resource transfer.The influencing factors that we put forward totally include three types of factors,individual characteristics,organization atmosphere and external environment.Under the presupposition of referring to the predecessors' achievements,this paper combining with actual situation,makes assumptions about the factors from different levels that influence university researchers' engagement in university-industry knowledge transfer.Next,based on theory analysis,the paper verifies this theory hypothesis through empirical method with university researchers' engagement in university-industry knowledge transfer as the dependent variable.At last,it puts forward some advices according to empirical results.This paper gets the following conclusions through the systematic theory analysis and empirical research.(1)The channels of university-industry knowledge transfer could be divided into academic engagement,commercialisation and human resource transfer from the perspective of universities' researchers.Academic engagement includes contract research,collaboration research,consulting,training and informal cooperation.Commercialisation includes intellectual property and academic entrepreneurship.Human resource transfer includes job-hopping and temporary position.(2)According to empirical results,we could find that the dependent variable will be influenced by sex,title and scientific research ability in individual characteristics,peer effect and university policy in organization atmosphere,and market uncertainty in external environment.(3)The insufficiency of institutional supply on the university level is a bottleneck that obstruct university-industry knowledge transfer in China.(4)Local government does not play its role sufficiently and reflect local characteristics and advantages.According to the current situation of university-industry knowledge transfer in China,we put forward the following advices.(1)The active consciousness and ability of university researchers' engagement in university-industry knowledge transfer should be improved.(2)Proper atmosphere for university-industry knowledge transfer should be built.(3)Troubles for university researchers in university-industry knowledge transfer should be decrease.