Change Of Arable Land And Its Impact On Grain Production In Transitional Area Between Pastoral And Agricultural In 1990-2013

This study using Land use change data obtained by remote sensing interpretation and the agricultural statistical data from local governments in 1990-2013,with the theory, technology and methods of geography and economics to analyze spatio-temporal dynamic pattern of regional arable land and grain production, develop a farmland-grain elasticity coefficient to reflect the interrelationship between farmland and grain production and reveal the impact mechanism of arable land dynamic change on food production, and propose the points that about arable land protection and food safety guarantee, which will provide a scientific basis for raising the level of intensive utilization of arable land and increasing grain yield in the study area.The main results are as follow:(1) The arable land in 1990-2000 is significantly expanded, among them the central area and northern in the study area are increased while decreased in eastern with increasing grain output gradually. The net increasing of arable land is 79.29km~2, mainly from the conversions of grassland and forest land. Grain production increased by 49.81 X 10~4t, and reached about 140.05 × 10~4t in 2000. The average annual grain production of Chahar Right Back Banner, Chahar Right Middle Banner, Liangcheng County, Xinghe County, Zhuozi County increased by more than 5 ×10~4t.The food production of Siziwangqi is very sensitive to the arable land changes, and in other areas' is little sensitive to the arable land changes.(2)The total arable land is significantly decreased in 2000-2013, mainly occurred in central and southern area. It is the main reason of arable land decreasing that conversions of arable land to grassland and forest land, and the net decreasing of arable land is about 459.67km~2.Since 1999,for reasons of implementation of the Grain for Green Program, which generated a significantly conversion of a large unsuitable area for cultivation, the area of cropland decreased rapidly in Ulanqab City. The trend of food production in the study area is increased after the first decrease, and grain production decreased by21.55?10~4t. With the continuous improvement of rural water construction and agricultural machinery equipment, and continuous improvement of the level of science technology, the food production capacity is significantly improved in the eastern and western area in the Ulanqab City and the sensitivity to arable land becomes low.Given the current status of cultivated land use and agricultural production level in Ulanqab City, we put forward relevant countermeasures and suggestions. First of all, based on 3S Technology, we establish the quantity and quality of arable land information database of Ulanqab City, arrangement and analyze the latest data of arable land, and release dynamic information of arable land changes throughout the city timely. Further forecast the future trend of cultivated land resources, in order to achieve the purpose of scientific and standardized management of cultivated land resources in Ulanqab City. Secondly, protecting a certain amount of arable land and ensuring adequate quantity of cultivated land. Based on these, we can increase the investment in agricultural science and technology, strengthen agricultural science and technology, introduction of high-yield varieties. To ensure the stability of food and excellent production. Thirdly, improve production in traditional agricultural mechanization level by strengthening the scientific and technological innovation, to improve agricultural production and environmental conditions, and raise farmland quality, and expand effective cultivated area that including organic farming area, the effective irrigation area and the effective area of fertilization. By increasing scientific technology in grain production, effectively improve the quantity and quality of grain production, and increase food productivity and capabilities for natural disasters in Ulanqab city. Forth, under good environmental conditions, gradually increase the production capacity of arable land, and realize sustainable development of arable land use and grain production, and enhance the grain productivity, through the rational development, utilization, regulation, protection of arable land resources. At last, this is a idea that strengthen agricultural development and increase farmers' income, and improve the quality of farmers' life, and enhanced awareness of the farmers of arable land protection, and motivate peasants enthusiasm to improve the grain comprehensive productivity, and guarantee stability and security of food production stability in Ulanqab city.