The Structure And Measurement Of Guanxi Governance In Enterprise:A Study Under The Background Of Chinese Local Culture

Guanxi as a typical Chinese cultural concept attracted widespread attention in indigenous studies.China has become the world's second largest economy,in the world top 500 rankings,Chinese companies on the list increased year by year.But the fact hidden behind the development of data is that the level of Chinese enterprises using modern Western management tools is generally low.Both scholars and practitioners are concerned about this "contradiction".People realized that Western management theory lack convincing explanations to the phenomenon of Chinese enterprises governance,and generally believe that Chinese enterprises governance deeply affected by the local social culture,where Guanxi of the most prominent.Chinese enterprises have a large number of relationship management activities.Current research on the relationship governance of China corporate almost in the way of Western existing theories(such as social capital,social networks,RBV,etc.)to be interpreted.More analyzed in the perspective of the relationship practices among enterprises.Even if involved relationship governance within corporate,it is only limited to the specific type of business-family firm.Contrary to the consensus that both internal and external management of Chinese companies are influenced by Guanxi cultural,the existing research ignored the discussion of internal relationship governance in non-family firm.Based on this,building a guanxi governance framework that suitable for the enterprises in China is of great significance to rich local Chinese enterprises management theory and fulfill relationship management governance theory.After reviewing existing literature about relationship governance and guanxi,face,renqing,trust and other typical Chinese cultural concept,this paper consider the common understanding of guanxi as a tools in real-life,and initially defined the Guanxi governance within Chinese enterprises:A informal governance means that restrain or encourage each other behavior by the relationships of mutual obligation and emotional practice in order to achieve the economic objective(reducing transaction costs)or social objective(harmony)of corporate.It is based on the relationship closeness exhibit difference order of human care.To a certain extent,it played down the impact of the formal hierarchy of power within the enterprise,including the vertical governance between the managers and subordinates and horizontal governance between colleagues.Follow the paradigm of grounded theory,this paper progressive-coded analysis the data collected from semi-structured interviews,open-ended questionnaire and field observations,and finally refined five dimensions:the degree of centralization,specific knowledge,the favor pattern,interpersonal trust and guanxi authority.The degree of centralization and specific knowledge belong to the structural regulation.The favor pattern,interpersonal trust and guanxi authority belong to the relationship rules.It built the content structure model of guanxi governance of Chinese enterprises at the background of local cultural.On this basis,it designed and developed of the guanxi governance measurement scale(GGMS).Data analysis showed that the scale has good reliability and validity,and provide a reference for future study.