| As an important part of modern service industry, modern logistics industry whose status and function is becoming more and more important on promoting economic development and optimizing the industrial structure upgrading has been growing up quickly in recent years. But in China, the comprehensive competitiveness of logistics industry with most conspicuous problems of low efficiency, high logistics cost and low management level and so forth, is inferior to western developed countries.The blueprint for the China’s logistics industry development listed in The Long-term Development Plan of the Logistics Industry and the proposal first stated by Premier Li Keqiang of embracing the development of Total factor productivity(TFP) into the 13 thFive Year Plan showed us the importance and urgency of scientifically evaluating the efficiency of logistics and seeking a way to improve the efficiency of TFP of logistics industry under the new situation.Based on the DEA-Malmquist index, this thesis conducted the efficiency evaluation on the logistics industry in China. Firstly, a literature review of study on efficiency of logistics industry both at home and abroad was elaborated on, and an evaluation system of logistics industry efficiency was established based on existing research.Considering the representativeness and accessibility of samples, we selected 18 new three board logistics enterprises whose fixed assets, mainbusiness cost, employee compensation and management expense were deployed in this study as input indicators and the main business income,net profit as the output indicators in three years from 2012 to 2014. Then,we measured the static change of relative efficiency of the 18 enterprises by means of data analysis and the efficiency of which three components--technical efficiency, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency of those selected enterprises were detailed analyzed. At the mean time, for further understanding the dynamic change of logistics efficiency in our country, on the ground of Malmquist index, we calculated the efficiency and decomposition of those 18 erterprises TFP.Drawn from the analysis of efficiency of logistics enterprises in China, we can see that in recent years, not only the ownership structure and corporate governance structure of the company has been further rationalized and cleared, but also the enterprise management level and management ability has been greatly improved. Recompense of enterprises scale has been increasing in a large amount of logistics enterprises in China, which could be a guide for enlarging the scale of company in a appropriate way. And the reason why the TFP efficiency of logistics industry has declined was that efficiency declination of technique change, majorly on lacking of the ability of technological progress,technique innovation ability and application ability, etc.Last but not least, according to the analysis results of efficiency evaluation on logistics enterprises and with referring to relative research,this thesis proposed concrete countermeasures to improve logistics industry TFP efficiency on three perspectives--the government,technology innovation and HR, for further increasing their quality and profits, which could be a way to fully play their roles as an important industry of the national economy and new economic growth point. |
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