The Interpretation Of Property Rights To The Problems Of Farmers' Penury

China's mineral resources, especially coal resources, are widely spread around the rural area of central and western regions. The exploitation of mineral resources, as an extraneous variable, has brought large-scale land acquisition, infrastructure construction, and mine construction to the traditional rural. To farmers, the conventional agricultural production and living have been replaced by industrialization. But for a long time, the exploitation of mineral resources did not spur rural economic growth and enrich farmers, but disabled the rural economy and caused poverty. “Resources-rich” was thrown into sharp contrast with farmers' penury. The reason for that is that the current resources properties system not only excludes farmer rights and interests, but leaves vast external costs to farmers.The article divided the resources directly connected farmers' survival rights into three part: mineral resources, mining land resources, and environmental resources, which corresponds the property of mine, mine land, and environment. The article built an analytical framework by the relations of “property defects, public domain, and farmers' penury”. And then, we separately analyzed how the three property defects triggers the corresponding public domains, and further triggers the poverty of farmers. Finally, under the circumstances of property public domains, we suggested the ways of “land as shares”, “negotiation mechanism” and so on, to improve the state quo of poverty, which, we hope, could provide good references to China's resources property reform.