Design And Analysis Of The Crank Balance Automatic Adjustment Device For The 12-type Beam Pumping Unit

The use of machinery to carry out oil production and rely on self-priming oil is the two basic methods of crude oil extraction.The beam pumping unit is the most widely used pumping equipment in the mechanical oil production method,which accounts for more than 80%of the oil recovery equipment.It has the characteristics of simple structure,low cost,high reliability,convenient maintenance and long service life.However,the beam-type pumping unit in the course of work often appear unbalanced problems.The motor,reducer,and four-bar mechanism of the life reduce is caused by the imbalance,and even speed up the sucker rod breakage.Therefore,in the process of running the beam pumping unit must solve the problem of pumping unit imbalance.At present,the main way to adjust the pumping unit is to use the pumping unit in the shutdown state oil field workers manual adjustment balance,because the balance block is very heavy,and sometimes need to use the crane to achieve regulation.This way there is clearly the pumping unit balance can not be carried out in time adjustment,regulation efficiency is not high,slow adjustment and other issues.In view of the above problems,this paper based on the pumping engine balance theory,the 12 type beam pumping unit crank balance automatic adjustment made the following aspects:(1)Through the literature research shows that domestic and foreign researchers have developed a variety of new type of balance device are typical:follow the balance,increase beyond the clutch,flywheel kinetic energy balance,motor and ball screw automatically adjust the balance.(2)By familiar with the pumping unit automatically balance the structure and working principle to determine the pumping unit crank balance automatic adjustment device design,the use of screw,bevel gear,gear ring gear and other institutions to achieve the balance block on the crank move linearly.(3)According to the actual working conditions of the pumping unit,based on the pumping machine balance theory,the structural parameters of the automatic balancing device are calculated and the assembly drawing of the device is completed.(4)According to the design,adjust the important parts of the balance device for strength checking and stiffness calculation.(5)The use of PLC(programmable controller)and sensors and other control components to achieve the automatic control of the device.Through the above analysis,the design of the two adjustment devices can achieve automatic adjustment of the crank balance.The program 1 device has the characteristics of the entire crank balance automatically adjust the consumption of time is short,high efficiency,no manual operation,pumping unit can not stop when the balance of regulation,so that the pumping unit production efficiency increased,the output increased,the entire device structure is simple,easy to achieve.But the balance can only be adjusted when the crank balance to a certain range of angles to achieve the adjustment can not be in the crank balance block rotation at any angle adjustment.In the stroke of a pumping unit can only be adjusted once,by the adjustment of multiple strokes to achieve balance adjustment requirements.The device of claim 2 has the characteristic that the device has the advantages of simple structure,easy realization and short adjustment,and can be adjusted at any angle of the movement of the crank balance block,the adjustment time is shorter than that of the scheme 1,but the external power supply To be able to achieve energy supply.