Carbon Tax And Carbon Trading: The Choice And Design Of China's Emission Reduction System

Since the industrial revolution,human economic activities,especially the consumption of fossil fuels have produced a large number of greenhouse gases,mainly carbon dioxide.Stay a lot of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere,the formation of the greenhouse effect is too serious,so that the earth's average temperature has increased for a long time,the effect has caused the sea level's rise,arid climate phenomenon will threaten the existence of human beings.Therefore,the international community requires countries to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases,especially carbon dioxide.Generally,countries implement two emission reduction policies,namely,the imposition of carbon tax and the implementation of carbon emissions trading scheme.The former is mainly for social consumption of fossil energy behavior tax,in order to increase the cost of social consumption of fossil energy,to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.The latter is the right to put carbon emissions to the needs of enterprises,companies are based on their actual situation in the two tier of the market to sell excess quotas or buy scarce quotas.To reduce costs or increase money income,the companies will choose to cut or adopt new technology energy-saving emission reduction strategy.As a result,gradually reducing greenhouse gas emissions throughout the community,to achieve the purpose of slowing climate warming trend.China has started the pilot of carbon emissions trading scheme,and has got some practical experience.At the same time,we will start to impose a national carbon tax in 2020.By then,China will become the country which implement two emission reduction policies.However,as China is still a developing country,we should ensure the development of the national economy as the primary goal,and strive to avoid the excessive impact of environmental policy on the economy.In order to analyze this possibility,according to the statistical data,and the Cobb Douglas function model,we try to analyze the impact of carbon tax on GDP,energy consumption,labor employment and national exports.In addition,in view of our country has begun to implement carbon emissions trading scheme pilot,so it has been running for the situation of SWOT analysis,and draw the relevant combination strategy.China's carbon emissions system should be strictly controlled for large emissions sources,forced into the emissions trading scheme,at the same time,for small and decentralized emission sources,they should be levied on carbon tax.In addition,we should improve the energy structure of our country,strengthen the development and utilization of renewable energy,strengthen the research and application of the subsidy mechanism on related industries,in order to curb greenhouse gas emissions increased.