Research On Rural Leakage Current Wireless Early Warning System

Leakage current refers to the current generated by ground short-circuit fault of the electrical equipment when the insulating layer is damaged. Any electrical equipment may produce leakage current, and leakage current will cause electrical fires, so leakage current failure causes great harm on people's life safety and social stability. At present,in China, residual current protective device is used in leakage current protection of residents' electrical equipments, but residual current protective device has such problems as mechanical failure, artificial fuse replacement and difficulty in locating the fault point. In view of these problems, this paper studies a leakage current warning system combining traditional leakage current detection technology with ZigBee wireless communication technology, to solve the hidden danger of current leakage in rural areas.The leakage current wireless early warning system in this study is mainly composed of leakage current detector, leakage current receiver and monitoring center server. Leakage current detector uses PIC16F1824 microcontroller as the main control chip, which is installed in the rural user's house to detect leakage current value of indoor electrical equipment. Through the ZigBee chip, the detection data are sent to the leakage current receiver. Leakage current receiver uses Atmega644p microcontroller as the main control chip, which is installed in the vicinity of rural transformers to collect the leakage current data of the area. Through the RS485 bus, the data are transmitted to the server of the monitoring center. The server of the monitoring center is located in the local administration of power supply for data monitoring of the rural leakage current.The communication network between the detector and the receiver adopts ZigBee wireless transmission technology. Wireless transmission network, based on ZigBee2006 protocol,takes TI Company's CC2530 chip as the core, adopts MESH network structure and uses polling mode for interactive data transmission. Simulation study of the established wireless transmission network was carried out with OPNET software, and the simulation results show that the transmission delay of the wireless transmission network system is small and the throughput is stable, which meets the requirements of distribution network detection.The field assembly, commissioning and operation of the leakage current warning system were completed, and functions such as leakage current on-line monitoring,historical data query and preset leakage current threshold were realized on the monitoring center server. The actual operation results show that the system can quickly locate the leakage current fault point, with the advantages of low cost, high precision and convenient networking.