The Air Suction Planter Sows The Intelligent Electronic Control System

Sowing is a very important part of agricultural production.Seeding machines are the main agricultural implements for sowing operations,and their operation effects directly affect the quality of sowing and the final grain yield.The current seeders all use ground wheels to provide power for the seeder work.The soft ground and straw-covered ground will cause the ground wheel to seriously slip,resulting in uneven rotation speed of the seed metering device and seriously affecting the seeding uniformity.The sowing volume needs to be accomplished by adjusting the transmission ratio of the transmission mechanism.The adjustment accuracy and range are limited,and the types of crops that can be sown are limited.All the metering devices on the seeder are synchronized,and it is impossible to achieve individual control of the operation status of a single metering device.The operation mode is single,and the versatility of the seeder is not strong.At the same time,because the seeder's operation process is completely closed,it is impossible to observe the operation conditions through manual methods.When the seeding tube is clogged or the seed tank is empty,if it is not discovered in time,a large area of missing seeding will appear.In order to solve the above-mentioned problems of the seeder,the two-line air-suction seeder is taken as the research object,and an intelligent electronic control system for the sowing seeder is studied.The main research contents are as follows:(1)The mechanical structure of the motor-driven seed metering device was studied.The drive structure of the metering device is designed to change the drive structure of the original seeder.The DC motor is used instead of the ground wheel to drive the metering device.Each metering device is driven by a separate DC motor.Based on the measured torque and speed required for normal operation of the metering device,the model of the DC motor is selected.(2)The DC motor speed regulation method was studied.By analyzing the DC motor speed regulation method,the motor speed adjustment method was selected for the system.The experimental design scheme for analyzing the relationship between system variables and the method for analyzing the data of seeding operations were studied.(3)Researched on the broadcast control system based on feedback of DC motor speed.The microprocessor is the main control chip,and the seeder's working speed and motor speed are collected in real time through the encoder,and the sowing operation parameters(plant spacing,mu sowing volume,etc.)of each monomer are input by using the touch screen,and the operating speed of the locomotive is established.Sowing the mathematical model between the plant spacing and the motor speed,real-time adjustment of the DC motor speed,and complete the closed-loop control of the motor speed according to the difference between the motor theoretical speed and the actual speed,to improve the motor speed adjustment accuracy.In order to facilitate the control of the expansion of the nodes and ensure the data transmission rate and reliability of the system,each node in the system adopts the CAN bus to complete the data transmission.(4)Researched the operating condition monitoring system for locomotives.The photoelectric sensor and material switch are used to monitor the operation status of the seeder in real time.When a fault occurs in the operation,an alarm will be given in time.(5)Tested the operation performance of sowing intelligent electronic control system.Set two sowing monomers for different sowing spacings,perform sowing job index testing under constant speed operation and continuous variable speed operation at different speeds.The results show that the uniform spacing index is ?95.6%,and the variation coefficient of spacing between plants is ? 21.3%.Under the condition of variable speed,the pass distance index of plant spacing is ?89.6%,the variation coefficient of spacing between plants is less than or equal to 25.1%,and the uniformity of seeding at uniform speed is better than that at variable speed.At the same time,the fault monitoring accuracy test was performed on the system.The results show that the system fault alarm accuracy rate is 100%.The electronic control system avoids the influence of the ground wheel slipping on the uniformity of seeding,can control the operating status of the sowing monomer,timely and accurately find the faults that occur during the operation of the seeder,the operation indexes meet the requirements of the national standards,and the electronic control system enhances the sowing.The versatility of the machine,job flexibility,and improved the operating efficiency of the seeder.