Design And Experiment Of Corn Electric Control Precision Seeder

In recent years,intelligent control and detection technology has been widely used in many fields,and plays an important role in agriculture,especially in the precision sowing industry.Compared with foreign countries,the research on this aspect is relatively backward,but after years,the research of domestic experts and scholars has also achieved certain results.The relevant domestic research focused on sowing structure design and key components of the metering device parameter optimization,and achieved certain results,but did not fundamentally solve the development of conservation tillage,no tillage after harvest,crop residue on the soil surface covering more,resulting in the traditional mechanical type corn planter wheel skid,lead leakage sowing rate increased,and the leakage sowing replant,replay detection and fault alarm etc.is the main direction of research on this aspect in our country,the research on the system for many sowing machine speed measurement is based on the wheel based on the wheel skid,did not solve the problem fundamentally.In order to solve this problem effectively,this paper takes the spoon wheel seed metering device as the research object,and designs a corn precision electric control seeder.The seeding machine works in the field,through the USART HMI four wire serial touch screen man-machine interface to the controller input theory expected by GPS particle spacing,speed sensor acquisition equipment operating speed,combined with a rotary encoder real-time metering operation speed,fuzzy algorithm for PID parameters self-tuning based on the obtained metering target the speed controller to adjust the corresponding PWM duty cycle to achieve through the real-time control of motor speed machine operating speed,in order to achieve the purpose of precision metering.The specific research contents are as follows:(1)comparative analysis of precision seeding technology scheme,parametric design of the whole structure;first,the selected sowing device;second,the design of electronic seeding device of single structure,determine the transmission scheme and optimization calculation;third,the selection of key parts;fourth,the development and design of bench control system,on the bench the system software and hardware design,a bench test is conducted to provide reference data for the control system of field test.(2)take the spoon wheel type seed metering device as the research object,analyze the sowing principle,determine the overall plan of the control software design and the overall design scheme of the hardware of the control system.(3)according to the overall design scheme of the control system,the hardware and software of the control system are designed in two parts.The hardware design is divided intosix parts: micro controller system,speed acquisition module,control module,seeding control human-computer interaction module,signal conditioning module,the hardware anti-jamming technology;software design is divided into six parts: the main program design and control program design,drive row seed spacing adjustment subroutine and display subroutine,design the speed of acquisition subroutine design,PID control algorithm design and software anti-jamming design,each individual part by controlling the flow and the main program code for design analysis.(4)Bench tests,test results show that the coefficient of variation of the actual speed is less than 10%,the actual speed speed near the small fluctuations in theory,to meet the requirement of control;the actual seed spacing value range is 0.5Zs< Zs<1.5Zs,the actual sowing spacing do not exceed the allowable range,the coefficient of variation is below 8%;in Simulation of the speed of the machine is 3~8km/h,the coefficient of variation under different working conditions are below 15%,the actual row spacing are within the allowable range,the operation speed is increased,the average coefficient of variation were 10.88%,11.63%,in11.88%,12.88%,14% and 14.13%,to meet the requirements of agricultural planting corn field experiment And the test results show that the electric drill works in the field,sowing spacing qualified index is more than 87.75%,the average value is 90.89%,seed index were less than 4%,the average value is 2.54%,the wheel on the market with the common corn seeder compared with qualified index increased by 2.12 percentage points,4.32 percentage points lower seed index sowing.Good performance,meet the agricultural planting corn,provide a reference value for the study of sowing maize.