A Utilitarian Ethics Critique In The Perspective Of China's Modernization

With the gradual expansion of the revolutionary achievements of western industry, its impact on our society a more profound social changes, also will continue to happen. This historical background, the contradiction and conflict between the bourgeoisie and the proletariat is so serious, the need to conform to the development of capitalism, to reconcile the contradiction between classes, was born the ethical thought of modern western famous, utilitarianism. After Bentham and mill's utilitarianism thought exploration and research, gradually mature and is pushed to a climax. But in our country, the Opium War opened the door closed already a long time, advanced idea let people then have the opportunity to learn western, therefore for modern western utilitarianism provides favorable conditions for communication in China. But, under the influence of the utilitarianism, with the development and progress of society, and the 80's of the last century since the reform and opening policy, more people are selective, one-sided absorbs the Western utilitarianism, abandoned thousands of years to form and passed down the moral rational mode of thinking, no longer pay attention to the subject of ideological consciousness and spiritual realm, but more pay attention to material interests. So, when China achieved a certain economic development, social equity and justice was gradually faded in the society, creating social problems such as Mormonism, individualism and a series of. Therefore, we should deeply analyze the true meaning of modern western utilitarianism, accurately grasp the development situation in China and the current existing problems, deeply critical utilitarianism ethics thought in the present society of our country, to find out the suitable ethics thought of contemporary practice in China.Therefore, this paper is divided into four parts.The first part is the rise of rationalism and utilitarianism in western modern times, discusses the development of western modern utilitarianism thought history and society two aspects mainly from the western modern enlightenment and the rise of rationalism and empiricism to the excessive rise of utilitarianism, and lay the foundation for people to correctly understand and grasp this famous ethics.The second part is the utilitarianism ethics thought of Bentham and mill's utilitarianism thought content, through to the Bentham interpretation of the true meaning, so that people truly understand Bentham's thought, and through the mill to Bentham's utilitarianism thought development makes the development of utilitarianism thought evolution theory grasp, in order to better understand the final form of the.The third part is the utilitarianism in the dissemination of Chinese since modern times, in this part, through the introduction of Western learning and the critique of utilitarianism thought into the historical process of China, explains the historical conditions at that time people to the affirmation and criticism of utilitarianism, and the Western utilitarianism. This part introduces the process study and criticism of Western utilitarianism, absorption and reference, explain the ideas to the positive factors of our country brings.The fourth part is the criticism of utilitarianism, in order to understand more comprehensive and objective utilitarianism, in this part of the new liberalism theory of justice especially Rawls's criticism of utilitarianism, which reveals the defects of the theory of utilitarianism, clearly see the negative factors of the theory itself the insufficiency and the flaw and the thought to bring in our country. According to the historical and realistic conditions of our country, from the discussion of virtue and happiness, personal and social norm and virtue, the three aspects of criticism to utilitarianism and beyond.Through the research, see clearly, we cannot give up eating for fear of choking by way of thinking completely utilitarianism out, also cannot accept aimless read hastily and without thinking, style, and should be combined with the actual development of social economy in our country at present, re recognize the objective and comprehensive this thought, moral rationality and combining western institutional rationality and our outstanding traditionally, in order to achieve for the development of China's positive role in promoting.